英語賓語從句用法詳解, 什么是賓語從句英語,,賓語從句是我們初中英語里面比較常見的一種語法,很多小伙伴經常把賓語從句和定語從句搞混,,下面是小編整理的英語賓語從句用法詳解 ,,希望對大家有所幫助,。
什么是賓語從句英語
賓語從句,,是名詞性從句的一種,。在主從復合句中充當賓語,位于及物動詞,、介詞或復合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句,。賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句,。
定義:置于動詞,、介詞等詞性后面起賓語作用的從句叫賓語從句。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序,。謂語動詞,、介詞,、動詞不定式、動詞現在分詞,、過去式,、過去分詞后面都能帶賓語從句。有些形容詞(afraid,,sure,glad等)之后也可以帶賓語從句,。
可接賓語從句的動詞:say,、tell、think,、know,、see、hear,、hope,、guess、find,、feel等,,或由形容詞構成的系表結構,如:afraid,、sure,、glad、sorry等,。
賓語從句的標點符號取決于主句,,如果主句是陳述句,句尾用句號;如果主句是疑問句,,句尾用問號,。
賓語從句基本用法解析
復合句
概念:復合句也稱主從句,即主句和從句,,從句須有引導詞或叫連詞引出,,否則復合句不成立。由于連詞既起連接主句和從句的作用,,表明主從句之間的關系,,還在從句中充當一定的成份,有一定的意義,,故復合句中的連詞常成為考查的焦點,。
賓語從句
一.在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語,,如:
I know the man.
而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語,如:
I know that the man is a policeman.
主句 引導詞 從句
二.中考對賓語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個方面:
1. 引導賓語從句的連詞和代詞選擇;
2. 賓語從句的語序;
3. 賓語從句的時態(tài),。
三. 賓語從句的種類
1. 由that引導的賓語從句。that只有語法作用,,沒有實在的意義,,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said(that) he wanted to stay at home.
Shedoesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure(that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的賓語從句,。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分,。例如:
Do youknow who (whom) they are waiting for?
He askedwhose handwriting was the best.
Can youtell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’tknow why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”,。例如:
I want toknow if (whether) he lives there.
He askedme whether (if) I could help him.
注意一下情況只用whether,,不用if
whether引導的從句常可以與連詞or或ornot直接連用,。如:
正: Let me know whether you can comeor not.
誤: Let me know if you can come ornot.
2. 當賓語從句提到句首時,,只能用whether引導。如:
正: Whether it is true or not, Ican’t tell.
誤: If it is true or not, I can’ttell.
3.whether可以引導帶to的不定式,。如:
正: I don’t know whether to accept orrefuse.
誤: I don’t know if to accept orrefuse.
4.whether及其引導的成分可放于介詞之后,,作介詞的賓語。如:
正: I worry about whether I hurt herfeelings.
誤: I worry about if I hurt herfeelings.
四. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序,。例如:
I hear(that) physics isn’t easy.
I think(that) you will like this school soon.
Can youtell me how I can get to zoo?
Pleasetell me when we’ll have the meeting.
五. 賓語從句的時態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現在時,,賓語從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。如:
I don’tthink (that) you are right.
Pleasetell us where he is.
Can youtell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,,賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時,,過去進行時,過去將來時,,過去完成時),。例如:
He askedwhat time it was.
He toldme that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He askedif you had written to Peter.
He saidthat he would go back to the U.S.soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時態(tài)常用一般現在時,。例如:
Ourteacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientistshave proved that the earth turns around the sun.
六.否定前移
如果主句是第一人稱,,時態(tài)是一般現在是。并且主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose時,,若從句包含否定的意義,,否定要放在主句。
I don’tthink I can finish the work on time.(我認為我無法按時完成工作,。)
七.如何改為賓語從句
A.三關
1. 引導詞關
①陳述句,,引導詞用that(that在口語或非正式文體中常省略);
②一般疑問句,引導詞用if/whether;
③特殊疑問句,,引導詞用由疑問詞轉換而來的疑問代詞/副詞,。
2. 語序關
①陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句,,語序不變,即仍用陳述語序,。如:
He is anhonest boy. The teacher said.
→Theteacher said(that)hewas an honest boy.
②一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句,,語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如:
Does hework hard?I wonder.
→I wonderif/whether he works hard.
When didhe leave?I don’t know.
→I don’tknow when he left.
注意:有些疑問句本身就是陳述語序
1. Whowent there yesterday? Mary wanted to know.
→ Marywanted to know who went there yesterday.
2. What’sthe matter with the clock? He wondered.
→ Hewondered what was the matter with the clock.
3. 時態(tài)關
①如果主句是現在的時態(tài),,從句的時態(tài)可根據實際情況而定,。如:
I haveheard(that)hewill come back next week.
②如果主句是過去的某種時態(tài),那么從句的時態(tài)一定要用過去的某種時態(tài),。如:
He said(that)therewere no classes yesterday.
注意:如果賓語從句表述的是客觀真理,、自然現象等時,不管主句是什么時態(tài),,從句都要用一般現在時,。如:
He saidthat light travels much faster than sound.
B.人稱的變化和標點的使用
1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱,變?yōu)橘e語從句則與主句的主語一致;如果是第二人稱,,則與主句的賓語一致;如果是第三人稱,,不用變化。如:
“May Iuse your knife?”He asked me.
→He askedme if he might use my knife.
“Do youknow her telephone number?”Heasked me.
→He askedme if I knew her telephone number.
2. 賓語從句的標點均由主句決定,。主句是陳述句,,用句號;主句是疑問句,用問號,。如:
Who willgive us a talk?I don’t know. →I don’t know whowill give us a talk.
Do youknow?Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?
以上就是小編為大家?guī)淼挠⒄Z賓語從句用法詳解 ,,希望能給大家?guī)韼椭胍私飧嘤⒄Z愈發(fā)的相關內容,,請關注可圈可點網,。