無論是身處學校還是步入社會，大家都嘗試過寫作吧,，借助寫作也可以提高我們的語言組織能力,。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的范文嗎？下面我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)秀范文,，希望能夠幫助到大家,，我們一起來看一看吧。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇一
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家,，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀,，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅·奕yi(四聲)?_in(三聲)(音,、字同欣),，所以稱為恭親王府。
北京城兩龍脈,，一是京城中軸線,，二是護城河。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上,。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處,。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭，我坐龍尾,。龍頭雖掌大局,，卻還要龍尾行大事?！甭犅?，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內(nèi),，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”,。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想讓自己很幸福,，便取“?！钡闹C音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”,。
進門后,，首先映入眼簾的，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”,。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘,，名曰“福池”。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石,。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹,，榆樹的果、葉形似銅錢,，每當銅錢般的果,、葉掉入福池時，和王申就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢,，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和王申的囊袋中,?！边@話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前,。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門,，色彩鮮艷，做工精細,。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一,。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門,，繞過“送子觀音”石雕,，便是和珅家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園,，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒,。《環(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的,。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚,，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了,。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好,，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和王申等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了,。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊,，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合,，清幽寧靜,。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的,。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的,，冬暖夏涼，和王申最愛待在這里了,。
出書齋,，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方,。要上正殿,，有一條很特別的路,，只有一節(jié)階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云,，登上了“一人之下,，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰,。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯,，免吃一點苦,，直接“平步青云”。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時,，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶,。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆,，大筆一揮，寫了一個“?！弊?。寫完之后,，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“?！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力,，十分瀟灑。細一看,，竟看見了多個詞組：多田,，多子，多才,，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意,，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上,。結果,，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳,，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛,。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮,。這個人就是和珅?，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“?！弊值囊幻?。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福,，寓意“萬?！薄：瞳|還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’,，我是‘萬?！?”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時,，本想把福石搬回皇宮,，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了,，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山,，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍,，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”,，便把福石留了下來,。
我們剛才是“平步青云”而上，現(xiàn)在讓我們踏著龍脈下來吧。
再沿著福山前的池塘流水走,，便可來和珅家的釣魚池,，踩著朱色石船便可來到池中心的釣魚臺，釣魚臺南面堆砌著一些奇形怪狀的假山,，池里長滿了綠色植物,。北面巖上栽滿了柳樹，它們阿娜多姿的身體隨風搖擺,，與池中冒個不停的水突眼相映成趣,，就像自己來到了濟南趵突泉?？晌一仡^一看,，才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還沒離開恭親王府呢：釣魚臺的欄桿，牌欄上無不鏤刻著只有北京恭親王府才有的蝙蝠花紋,。
釣魚池北岸上,，還有一座形狀奇特的閣樓，閣樓前種滿了花草樹木,，據(jù)說是恭親王奕?派人按慈禧太后頭上的旗頭形狀做的,。奕?很是討厭慈禧太后，說：“你把我玩弄于股掌之間,，我就要在你頭上作威作福!”于是,，奕?就建了這么一個閣樓。
游完恭親王府,，我再次回首,，看著這座飽經(jīng)歷史風霜卻風采不減當年的府邸，心中百感交集：在這里住過的人,，在自己事業(yè)走到顛峰時,，卻不知自己也走上了權途與錢途的末路
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇二
各位游客：
你們好，歡迎你們來到北京旅游,，我是你們的導游__,。
恭王府位于北京市西城區(qū)前海西街，是清代規(guī)模最大的一座王府,，先后作為大貪官和珅、慶親王永璘的宅邸,，后被賜予恭親王奕欣,，由此得名恭王府,，并沿用至今。恭王府歷經(jīng)了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的歷史進程,，故有“一座恭王府,，半部清代史”的說法,。
“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”,，這是史書上對恭王府的描述,。就其選址而言，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置,。古人修宅建園很注重風水,，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍,，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍,，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上,，即龍脈上,，因此風水非常的好。古人以水為財,，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”,，最大的湖心亭的水，是從玉泉湖引進來的,，而且只內(nèi)入不外流,，因此更符合風水學斂財?shù)恼f法。我國十大元帥和郭沫若等人,、均在恭王府的附近居住,，而且都非常長壽。據(jù)說,，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近,，這個地方真是一塊風水寶地。
恭王府由府邸和花園兩部分組成,，南北長約330米,，東西寬180余米，占地面積約61120平方米,，其中府邸占地32260平方米,，花園占地28860平方米。府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高規(guī)制,。明顯的標志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量,。親王府有門臉五間，正殿七間,，后殿五間,，后寢七間，左右有配殿,。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字,。房屋的形式、屋瓦的顏色也是不能逾制的,。恭王府的中,、東、西三路各有三個院落,，其中每一路的后兩個院子是人們要游覽的主要區(qū)域,。
府邸建筑分東、中、西三路,，每路由南自北都是以嚴格的中軸線貫穿著的多進四合院落組成,。
中路最主要的建筑是銀安殿和嘉樂堂，殿堂屋頂采用綠琉璃瓦，顯示了中路的威嚴氣派，同時也是親王身份的體現(xiàn),。東路的前院正房名為多福軒,，廳前有一架長了兩百多年的藤蘿，至今仍長勢甚好,，在京城極為罕見,。東路的后進院落正房名為“樂道堂”,，是當年恭親王奕欣的起居處。西路的四合院落較為小巧精致,，主體建筑為葆光室和錫晉齋。精品之作當屬高大氣派的錫晉齋，大廳內(nèi)有雕飾精美的楠木隔段,，為和珅仿紫禁城寧壽宮式樣(此為和珅僭侈逾制，是其被賜死的“二十大罪”之一),。府邸最深處橫有一座兩層的后罩樓,，東西長達156米，后墻共開88扇窗戶,，內(nèi)有108間房,，俗稱“99間半”，取道教“屆滿即盈”之意,。
名為“朗潤園或萃錦園”,，俗稱恭王府花園，徜徉于園中猶如漫步在山水之間,。與府邸相呼應,，花園也分為東中西三路,。中路以一座西洋建筑風格的漢白玉拱形石門為入口，以康熙皇帝御書“?！弊直疄橹行?，前有獨樂峰、蝠池,，后有綠天小隱,、蝠廳，布局令人回味無窮,。東路的大戲樓廳內(nèi)裝飾清新秀麗,，纏枝藤蘿紫花盛開，使人恍如在藤蘿架下觀戲,。戲樓南端的明道齋與曲徑通幽,、垂青樾、吟香醉月,、流杯亭等五景構成園中之園,。花園內(nèi)古木參天,，怪石林立,，環(huán)山銜水，亭臺樓榭,，廊回路轉,。月色下的花園景致更是千變?nèi)f化，別有一番洞天,。諸多中外游客慕名而至,，尋覓著翠山碧水、曲徑幽臺在訴說的如煙往事,。
恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年,，原為清代乾隆寵臣和珅的私宅,，和珅因貪污罪于嘉慶年間被抄家處死后，此處私宅便贈給了慶王,。同治朝時,，由于恭親王奕忻協(xié)同慈禧發(fā)動政變有功，慈禧太后便將此宅贈予他,，而成為恭親王府,。
俗呼銀鑾殿，恭王府最主要的建筑,。作為王府的正殿,，只有逢重大事件,、重要節(jié)日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用,。民國初年,，由于不慎失火，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀,，現(xiàn)銀安殿院落為復建,。
和珅時期之建筑。懸掛有“嘉樂堂”匾額一方,。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的,，但匾額無署款，無鈐記,，故無由證實,，但和珅留有《嘉樂堂詩集》，說明是和珅之室名,。在恭親王時期,，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內(nèi)供有祖先,、諸神等的牌位,，以薩滿教儀式為主。恭王府規(guī)模宏大,，占地約6萬平方米,，分為府邸和花園兩部分，擁有各式建筑群落30多處,，布局講究,，氣派非凡。其花園又名錦翠園,，園內(nèi)布局,、設計具有較高的藝術水平。造園模仿皇宮內(nèi)的寧壽宮,。全園以“山”字型假山拱抱,，東、南,、西面均堆土累石為山,，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法頗高,。山頂平臺,，成為全園最高點。居高臨下，可觀全園景色,。恭王府由于是在權臣和珅邸宅的基礎上改建而成,，和珅當年定罪的二十大罪狀中就有關于內(nèi)檐裝修的“潛侈逾制”問題，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木廳堂,，其多寶格及隔斷門窗解仿照寧壽宮制度”,。因此恭王府的內(nèi)檐裝修在王府文化中別具一格，其所表現(xiàn)的特點尤為突出：
一,、 規(guī)格最高,，可與宮殿建筑比美：
恭王府幾座主要廳堂的內(nèi)檐裝修不僅是多寶格、隔斷,，還可舉出仙樓,、神殿帶毗盧帽的祭灶等裝修也與宮廷中別無二制。并有室內(nèi)假山水池,，裝修成室內(nèi)小園林,，更是別出心裁。
二,、 數(shù)量較多,，形式多樣：
從樣式雷圖中可以看到當年有內(nèi)檐裝修的建筑多達二十余處，而且具有多種類型,，如太師壁,、寶座床、碧紗櫥,、祭灶,、萬字炕、幾腿罩,、落地罩,、炕罩、真假門,、仙樓,、書閣、多寶格,、順山炕,、前、后檐炕等,。
三、 界劃靈活,，空間豐富：
恭王府內(nèi)各廳堂的空間根據(jù)使用功能劃分,，格局多樣，其主要廳堂既有肅穆、莊嚴的開敞式大空間,，又有私密性的小空間,，既有對稱式的，也有非對稱式的,，還有可以靈活組合的,。有的適合接待高級賓客，有的用于薩滿教的祭祀活動,，有的適合起居生活,，有的作為寢息，不同的空間需求各得其所,。
四,、 做工精細，技巧高超：
從恭王府的裝修遺留物件中可知皆使用硬木,，用材異常講究,，加工的木料可以作出細小的截面，雕刻花紋起伏精確,，而且使用圓形或曲線拼出各種華格,，只有在精細的加工之基礎上才能完成，施工難度之大,，令人嘆為觀止,。遺憾的是恭王府的原有內(nèi)檐裝修，絕大部分已經(jīng)無存,，今天通過研究王府文化,，要進一步將其發(fā)掘出來，結合今后的王府博物館展示要求,，再現(xiàn)當年輝煌,。
乾隆四十一年，即1776年,，和珅開始在這東依前海,，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第，時稱“和第”,。有說法稱,、明弘治年間、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此,。嘉慶四年正月初三太上皇弘歷歸天,，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣、九門提督兩職,，抄了其家,，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩，相當于清政府十五年的財政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒,，嘉慶吃飽”的說法,。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日,，和珅被“賜令自盡”,。而宅子本身，則如愿歸“愛豪宅不愛江山”的胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有,。
與此同時,，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中,。咸豐元年,，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人,，改名恭王府,，恭王府之名由此沿用至今?！耙蛔醺?，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年,，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會,，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學堂,。新中國成立以后,，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風機廠,、音樂學院等多家單位使用過,。
恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群，分為府邸和花園兩部分,，府在前,，園在后。恭王府的開放,，早在30年前,，就被提上議事日程。1975年,，周總理在病床上,，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題,。
恭王府始建于清乾隆年間,，初為大學士和珅的私邸,。
同治初年，這里的第三代主人恭親王奕欣，身兼議政王,、軍機領班大臣等要職，重權在握,，顯赫一時,，乃大筑邸園，同時也對府邸部分進行了修繕與改建,。我們看到的恭王府的建筑規(guī)模與格局,，就是在那個時候最后形成的。
恭王府前半部是富麗堂皇的府邸,，后半部為幽深秀麗的古典園林,，總占地面積將近六萬平方米。其府邸建筑莊重肅穆,，尚樸去華,，明廊通脊，氣宇軒昂,，僅次于帝王居住的宮室,。府后的萃錦園則銜水環(huán)山，古樹參天,，曲廊亭榭,，富麗天然;其間景致之變化無常，開合有致,，實為中國園林建筑的典范,。
根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的文獻記載，在這塊位于京城前海西岸,，被"蟠龍水"環(huán)抱著的風水寶地上,，元、明兩朝曾經(jīng)有過一座規(guī)模宏大的寺院,，香火旺盛,，游人如織，就連皇帝也來此禮佛上香,。大約十六世紀中葉,，該寺院才逐漸荒廢，淪落為明朝廷的供應廠;清朝入主北京以后,，在這里建造大小不等的院落若干,，供內(nèi)務府等普通旗人居住。
乾隆四十年前后,，在皇帝面前紅得發(fā)紫的和珅,，相中了這塊四周縈水,，遙接西山，而且又離“皇上家”不遠的風水寶地,，遂以高價購買下這里的多處房產(chǎn),，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。
恭王府之被稱“半部清朝史”,，是和居住在這里的三代主人密切相關的,。盡人皆知，第一代府主和珅,，是乾隆晚期的宰輔,、大學士，又是歷史上赫赫有名的貪官,，在清史中十分惹人注目,，有關他的傳說也因此多不勝數(shù)。特別是他的兒子豐紳殷德,，后來娶了乾隆皇帝的小女兒固倫和孝公主為妻,，使這座豪宅一時成為了實際上的公主府……
嘉慶四年，和珅因罪賜死,，嘉慶皇帝遂將這座宅第轉賜給他的小弟弟慶郡王永璘,。永璘大概算得上歷代主人里最為鐘愛這座豪宅的人。早在和珅當?shù)罆r,，乾隆的諸位皇子便湊在一起商訂,，將來不管誰當了皇帝，都要“辦”掉和珅,，惟十七皇子永璘說：“將來不論哪位哥哥當上皇帝,，只要把和珅的這座豪宅賞給我，我就知足!”
說到永璘,，或者許多人都不太熟悉,，但若提起他的孫子，那個與李鴻章一起同八國聯(lián)軍簽訂《辛丑條約》的慶親王奕劻,，恐怕又是無人不曉了,。奕劻也是中國近代史上著名的貪官，但與清末那一群懦庸無能的王公貝勒相比,，他總還算是一個敢于負責,，能夠委以重任的人。因此,，從同治朝起,，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的寵信。在咸豐將府邸改賜恭親王之前,，他一直以輔國將軍的身份在此居住,。
至于說恭親王奕欣,，那更是中國近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他參與了第二次鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以及其后(1853-1898年之間)的幾乎全部重大政治活動,，"辛酉政變"時,，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂簾聽政"的寶座……毫不夸張地說，如果沒有奕欣,，整部中國近代史,，乃至后來的中國歷史就會改寫。
如果說世間萬物都有靈性,，那么這座被"蟠龍水"包圍著的明珠一般美麗的建筑，自從它誕生的那一天起,，就注定是一個充滿著憂傷氣質(zhì),，命運多舛的苦命宅園。
嘉慶四年(1799年),，和珅被處死之后,，嘉慶帝即將這座豪宅的西半部，賜給了他那個只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘,。之所以只給他一半,，是因為當時，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其額駙豐紳殷德還住在那里,。
和孝公主,，是整部清朝歷史中最具傳奇色彩的公主，其生母為乾隆皇帝晚年的寵妃汪氏,。乾隆四十年正月,，當這位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"來到世界時,，皇帝已然是六十五歲高齡的老人,。十公主雖身為女子，但天生神力,，能開十個勁的硬弓,，時常陪著父皇騎馬打獵，乾隆因此愛她勝過所有的子女,，他不只一次嘆息："你要是個阿哥,，這個皇位將來非你莫屬啊!"的確，十公主非但武功卓絕,，而且胸襟非凡,，當和珅春風得意時，駙馬倚仗其父權勢行為嬌縱,，公主就曾經(jīng)嚴肅地訓斥他："你阿瑪受我父皇厚恩,，不思回報,，卻只知納賄。我都替你們擔憂啊,，到了身家不保的那一天,，連我也要受到你們牽累!"
十公主的話，雖不幸言中,，但嘉慶皇帝最終還是念著兄妹之情,，沒有剝奪他這個小妹夫的爵位，公主夫婦也仍然住在原來的家里,。這座宅第也就因此一分為二,，西為慶王府;東為公主府，一直到道光三年(1820__年)九月,，十公主去世,，整座府邸才全部歸到慶王名下，而那時,，永璘已經(jīng)死去三年多了……
辛亥以后,，按照民國政府優(yōu)待清室條例的規(guī)定，王府成了府主人的私產(chǎn),。后因政局動蕩,，生計艱危，未世王孫們紛紛賣掉府第,，以圖生存,。恭王府當然也同北京的其他王府一樣，沒能逃脫可悲的蛻變與分割,。
1920__年,，小恭王溥偉為籌集復辟經(jīng)費，將恭王府府邸部分的"龍票",，以八萬銀元的價格低押給北京天主教會的西什庫教堂,。十幾年后，利上加利,，原先八萬銀元的抵押款,，滾到了近二十萬，窮途末路的溥偉早已無力償還這筆巨款債務了,。1932年,，由羅馬教會興辦的輔仁大學，以教會之間的關系,，用一百零八根金條代償了這筆貸款,，產(chǎn)權遂歸這所大學。1937年,，輔仁大學因擴充女生宿舍,，收回房產(chǎn),，將府邸部分作為女院，并把后罩樓通向萃錦園的通道砌死,，這樣,，府邸與花園就開始分開了。同年,，原先居住在邸園中的溥偉二弟溥儒,，又以十萬銀元的價格將花園也賣給了輔仁大學。
1949年,，恭王府花園改為某國家機關宿舍;府邸為藝術師范學院,、中國音樂學院及文化部藝術研究院等單位使用。1952年,，中國音樂學院拆府前部一進四合院,，蓋起一座"現(xiàn)代風格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大門外的所有房屋,，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴樓和一座一字形的畫樓。"_"期間,，廠橋空調(diào)器廠占用了大戲樓等花園東部的"半壁江山";國管局幼兒園則占據(jù)西路建筑,。由于不合理使用與地震的破壞，到七十年代中晚期,，花園的部分游廊和府邸東路南部一進院落的正房及東西廂房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的損毀,，但所幸王府總體格局未遭破壞,。
恭王府——世界最大的四合院,，除皇帝和家眷外,，任何人是不得住進紫禁城的。因此皇親國戚們都要建造自己的宅弟,，以為家居之所。于是，王府便產(chǎn)生了。今日的北京城里,，還有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一個,。
北京的清代王府都分布在內(nèi)城區(qū)里,，這和清代北京城的居住限制密切相關。城墻未拆除以前,，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宮,，外面的第二層是皇城,，為政府衙門，第三層是內(nèi)城,，為清代八旗王公貴族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四層,，才是漢人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京內(nèi)城漫步,，還能時時看見深宅大院,。
位于什剎海北岸的恭王府分為平行的東、中,、西三路,。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主體，一是大殿,，二是后殿,，三是延樓，延樓東西長160米，有40余間房屋,。東路和西路各有3個院落,，和中路建筑遙相呼應。王府的最后部分是花園,，20多個景區(qū)各不相同,。
大觀園是中國古典文學名著《紅樓夢》里描繪的一大園林?！都t樓夢》成書于北京,，有中國封建社會秘史之稱。根據(jù)書中的描寫,，人們在北京西南角建起了一座園林,。這處取名大觀園的新園是今日北京的一大勝景，每天游人不斷,。
由于恭王府有著《紅樓夢》中所描繪的某些景物,，因此有人說恭王府花園是大觀園的藍本。但是,，許多人又提出了不同的意見,。恭王府到底是不是大觀園的藍本呢?這可能也是一個永遠的秘密了。
恭王府的主人,，是一等貴族,，所以他的府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高格制,。明顯的標志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量,。親王府有門臉5間正殿7間，后殿5間,，后寢7間,，左右有配殿。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字,。
如果你看到深宅大院的門口聳立著石獅,，你馬上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔細數(shù)一數(shù)石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩，你就會進一步認定品極;皇帝門口的石獅上有13排疙瘩,，親王12排,，爵位越低，數(shù)量遞減,。
房屋的形式,、屋瓦的顏色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤,，他修建了慶頤堂,，模仿了皇帝的寧壽宮,。皇帝“加恩賜令自盡”時,，這是其中的一條罪狀,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇三
北京清代，有十代帝王的王子封了王位,，有親王,、郡王封號的有七十個。
為了顯示他們的特殊地位和便于管理,，清代王府一般都設在內(nèi)城,。
鐵帽王府。清初對入關有功的8家王爵,，封為世襲罔替,，俗稱鐵帽王，他們的王府就叫鐵帽王府,，共有8處,，5處在西城，三處在東城,。
以后又封了幾個鐵帽王,，共12個世襲罔替王爵。
北京有兩個恭親王,，一個是順治皇帝的第五子常寧,，府址在今東四十條。
恭王府位于前海西街17號,，是清代規(guī)模最大的一座王府,，據(jù)說恭王府總面積為一百多畝。相當于中山公園,，這是至今保存最好的一座王府,，曾是和珅的宅邸。
1996年10月起開放的只是恭王府的后花園,，占地9畝，但其規(guī)模已經(jīng)是非?？捎^的,。
恭王府分中東西三路，分別由多過四合院組成,，后為長160米的二層后罩樓,。
恭王府假山，此假山是用糯米漿砌筑成的,，非常堅固,，山上置兩口缸，缸底有管子通到假山上，通過往缸中灌水的辦法來增加院中的濕度,，過去整個假山上都長滿了青苔,。
假山正中有一康熙皇帝為其母祝壽寫的福字碑，這是恭王府的三絕之一,，碑石長7.9米,，貫穿整修假山。
垂花門,，因門上有兩個倒垂的.花卉而得名,，門前的兩棵龍瓜槐在和珅居住時就有，這種樹比較珍貴,。
垂花門內(nèi)的牡丹院,，院中有紫藤蘿架。院子正中造形呈蝙蝠形狀的小湖,。
在清代的北京,，往住宅中引入活水，是要經(jīng)皇帝特批的,，恭親王府是少有的幾個享此殊榮的王府之一,。
西式門，據(jù)說在當時在北京只有3個,。這也是恭王府的三絕之一,，另一絕是戲樓和福字碑。
花院門內(nèi)的假山石,，起到影壁的作用,，名稱為獨樂峰。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇四
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家,，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀,，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅?奕讠斤,，所以稱為恭親王府,。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線,，二是護城河,。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處,。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭,，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局,，卻還要龍尾行大事,?！甭犅牐瞳|野心之勃勃,，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內(nèi),，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠,，而形似蝙蝠的建筑,。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“?！钡闹C音字“蝠”,，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后,，首先映入眼簾的,，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘,，名曰“福池”,。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹,，榆樹的果,、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果,、葉掉入福池時,，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’,，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中,。”這話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走,，便來一扇門前,。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門，色彩鮮艷,，做工精細,。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的,。
進了西洋門,，繞過“送子觀音”石雕，便是和珅家的戲園了,。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒,?！董h(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的,。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚,，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戲臺了,。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好,，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具,，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂,，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了,。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合,，清幽寧靜,。整個恭親王府,，就它不是用石磚砌的,。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的,，冬暖夏涼,，和珅最愛待在這里了。
出書齋,，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方,。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路,，只有一節(jié)階梯,，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和珅說過他這一世,，只有年少時吃過苦,，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下,，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰,。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯，免吃一點苦,，直接“平步青云”,。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝,，心情極其郁悶,。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮,，寫了一個“?！弊帧懲曛螅詈吞K麻喇姑看著那個“?！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力,，十分瀟灑。細一看,，竟看見了多個詞組：多田,，多子，多才,，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意,，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上,。結果,，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳,，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛,。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮,。這個人就是和珅?，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“?！弊值囊幻?。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福,，寓意“萬?！薄：瞳|還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’,，我是‘萬?！?”后來，嘉慶帝抄他家時,，本想把福石搬回皇宮,，可還是沒有搬成。和珅太狡猾了,，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山,，在“福”字左右各砌了一條龍,，寓意“龍坐江山”,，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”，便把福石留了下來,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇五
大家好,，我是恭王府的講解員小麗,，非常歡迎各位到恭王府參觀游覽,。恭王府地處北京內(nèi)城西北部,，東近前海，北倚后海,。早期自德勝門內(nèi)積水潭(西海)水域東北角所引出的一條水渠,，繞過恭王府的西墻轉南墻外(俗稱月牙河)，經(jīng)三座橋流入什剎海(前海),。西,、南臨水，東,、北近水,，可謂四周皆水，環(huán)境幽美的風水寶地,。到20世紀50年代初,，該水渠被填平，形成柳蔭街及前海西街,。
恭王府最早建于乾隆四十一年，公元1776年,，已有230多年的歷史,，是為大學士和珅所建的宅院。嘉慶四年和珅獲罪,，宅第沒收,。之后將宅第分為東西兩部分，西部嘉慶皇帝賜給了弟弟慶親王永璘,，東部留給了十公主,。咸豐元年(1851)咸豐帝將整座王府賜給恭親王奕忻入住，至此得名恭王府,，沿用至今,。請大家記住園子的二位主要主人：大貪官和珅及恭親王奕忻。
恭王府南北長330米,，東西寬180米,。北京有幾十座王府，不是被毀就是被挪做他用,，以原來風貌保存下來對外開放的僅恭王府一座,。作為滿清皇族的古建園林，由府邸和花園兩部分組成,，總占地面積約六萬多平米,，其中府邸約3.2萬平米,花園占地2.8萬平方米,。府邸內(nèi)的建筑分東、中,、西三路,，由南自北都是以嚴格的中軸線貫穿著的多三進四合院落組成，布局分明;東路去樸尚華,、中路莊嚴肅穆,、西路古樸典雅，三路自成一體又和諧統(tǒng)一,。在這些房屋中既有體現(xiàn)皇家氣派和威嚴的建筑,，又有來自民間精巧的建筑和裝飾風格，構成了王府文化的最大特點,?；▓@融江南園林與北方建筑格局為一體，匯西洋建筑及中國古典園林建筑為一園,。恭王府既是清代王府建筑的重要代表之一,，也是中國傳統(tǒng)建筑及造園技藝最成熟時期的重要表現(xiàn)。著名學者侯仁之先生稱之為“一座恭王府,，半部清代史”,。
據(jù)野史上講，記得弘歷年少時(后來的乾隆皇帝)有一次在宮中玩耍,，看到年貴妃在梳頭,，而這個年貴妃是清朝大將軍年羹堯的妹妹，是清朝十大美女之一,，叫年秋月,。弘歷被她的美貌打動偷偷過去從后面蒙住了她的眼睛，年貴妃嚇了一跳也不知后面是誰,，拿起簪子向后一劃,，恰好劃破了弘歷的額頭。后來此事讓皇后得知,，因為此事傳出去對弘歷的名聲不好(她是雍正爺?shù)馁F妃,，弘歷應叫她額娘。)下旨年貴妃上吊自盡,。弘歷當時痛哭一場,，因為他的一個輕浮舉動使年貴妃喪生。暗暗發(fā)誓等我當了皇帝再得相見,，不修今世修來世,。于是沾著朱砂在年貴妃的耳后印了一個紅紅的指印。多年以后弘歷當了皇帝就是乾隆爺,。當他第一次看到和珅時,，和珅還是個粘桿衛(wèi)(走在轎子邊上的小官),。乾隆大吃一驚覺得和珅長得酷似多年前死去的年貴妃。于是走下寶座問他家中有沒有姐妹,，和珅說只有兄弟二人,，和珅、和璘,。當皇上失望之時,，突然看到和珅的耳后有一個紅痣，與年貴妃不但面貌相似,，而且痣的大小位臵也一樣,。所以皇上認為和珅就是年貴妃的投胎轉世。于是皇上把和珅收在身邊倍加寵愛,，和珅也憑借自己的聰明才智討乾隆喜歡,。于是和珅就像坐直升機一樣，職務和地位直線上升,，三年內(nèi)乾隆皇帝多次傳旨升和珅的官職,，幾乎把大清各種高官做遍，風光享盡,，僅擔任軍機大臣一職就長達23年,，權勢赫赫，人稱二皇帝,。
很多朋友都是慕名來到恭王府的,，影視作品對和珅的炒作也是沸沸揚揚，但是和珅的真實形象和影視作品形象有很大的差距,，和珅是一個地地道道的美男子，玉樹臨風,，臉龐白皙,，行動敏捷，舉止端莊,，言語詼諧,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇六
恭王府花園為位于恭王府后的一獨具特色的花園，又名萃錦園,，位于柳蔭街甲14號,，建于1777年，據(jù)考證是在明代舊園上重修的,。全園占地面積2.8萬平方米,，有古建筑31處。恭親王為重建花園調(diào)集百名能工巧匠,，增置山石林木,，彩畫斑斕,，融江南園林藝術與北方建筑格局為一體，匯西洋建筑及中國古典園林建筑為一園,，建成后曾為京師百座王府之冠,，是北京現(xiàn)存王府園林藝術的精華所在，堪稱"什剎海的明珠",。其中園中的西洋門,、御書"福"字碑、室內(nèi)大戲樓并稱恭王府"三絕",。某些紅學家認為此園可能是曹雪芹筆下《紅樓夢》中大觀園的原型,。
王府是北京規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的清代王府,，位于什剎海西北角,，前海西街17號，現(xiàn)為全國重點文物保護單位,。恭王府始建于十八世紀末,，早期為乾隆年間大學士和珅宅第，嘉慶四年(公元1799年)和珅獲罪,，宅第被沒收賜與慶郡王,，咸豐元年 (公元1851年)改賜給恭親王愛新覺羅·奕?。
清代王府有嚴格的規(guī)制,，規(guī)定親王府有大門五間,，正殿七間，后殿五間,，后寢七間,，左右有配殿，形成多進四合院,，不少府邸有后花園,。但許多王府經(jīng)歷滄桑，早已面目全非,，只有恭王府是北京現(xiàn)存最完整,、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名學者侯仁之先生稱之為"一座恭王府,，半部清代史",。
恭王府分為平行的東、中,、西三路,，是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主體,，一是大殿,，二是后殿,，三是延樓，延樓東西長一百六十米,，有四十余間房屋,。東路和西路各有三個院落，和中路建筑遙相呼應,。王府的最后部分是花園,，二十多個景區(qū)各不相同。
恭王府花園在造園手法上既有中軸線,，也有對稱手法,。全園分為中路、東路,、西路三路,，成多個院落。中軸上依次是園門,、飛來峰,、蝠池、安善堂,、方池,、假山、邀月臺,、綠天小隱,、蝠廳。中路建筑和山水基本對稱,，東,、西兩路只是山體對稱，建筑不對稱,。整個園林由六條山龍圍合:南面,、東面、西面各有兩山,，中路后部有一山為中龍,。
東路以建筑為主,。東有兩山南北奔趨,，兩山各在東南和東北轉折成圍合狀。建筑分三個小院,。,，南面靠東院入，抬頭是一精致垂花門,，入內(nèi)為狹長院落,，院內(nèi)當年種竹,，正廳為大戲樓之后部，西廂為中路明道堂之后卷,，東廂為一排廂房,，院西為另一個狹長院落。入口月洞門,，曰:吟香醉月,。北面是東路的主體建筑大戲樓，戲樓自成一個小院,，面積達685平方米,，院內(nèi)有前廳、觀眾廳,、舞臺,、扮戲房等，廳內(nèi)裝飾豪華,，是王府的觀戲處,。
西路以山水為主。西路的起始部分從飛來峰西走,，在南端是兩山之間的一個雄關,。關名曰:榆關，榆關即長城的山海關,，是長城的象征,，素有天下第一關之美稱，當年,，清代皇帝就是從此入關,，在園中設此關足以表示園主不忘記清祖從山海關入主中原的豐功偉績。榆關之前是西路的中心大方池,，方池東南角出細流折東與福河相連,，大方池之中有一個方形小島，島上是觀魚臺,，以此來喻莊子濠上觀魚之樂的典故;池西是西山;池前有五間堂屋,。東出抄手廊與中路滴翠巖的曲廊相接。
全園以福字貫穿,，表明主題明顯,。山勢圍合有新意，榆關雄峙也有新意,，但東部建筑較多,，中部曲廊的圍合也不夠有機，特別是理水較差。從堆石,、建筑,、植物、格局上看仍有北方園林特點,。
恭王府位于什剎海北岸的恭王府是世界最大的四合院,，也是今日北京城里，60余座清代王府中保存最完整的一個,。分為平行的東,、中、西三路,。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主體,，一是大殿，二是后殿,，三是延樓,。延樓東西長160米，有40余間房屋,。東路和西路各有3個院落,，和中路遙相呼應。王府的最后部分是花園,，20多個景區(qū)各不相同,。
恭王府是清道光帝第六子恭忠親王府第。前身為乾隆時大學士和砷的邸宅,。嘉慶四年(1799年)和砷獲罪,，邸宅入官，嘉慶帝將其一部分賜給其弟慶僖親王永磷,，是為慶王府,。以后咸豐市將慶王府收回，轉賜其弟奕沂,，是為恭王府,。咸豐、同治年間曾整修,，并在府后添建花園,。
由于恭王府有著某些《紅樓夢》中所描繪的景物，因此有人說恭王府花園是大觀園的藍本,。但是,，許多人又提出了不同的意見。
王府的主人奕訴,，是一等貴族,，所以他的府邸不僅寬大，而且建筑也是最高格制,，顯示其不可逾越的等級,，明顯的標志是門臉和房屋數(shù)量。親王府有門臉5間,，正殿7間,，后殿5間，后寢7間,，左右有配殿,。低于親王等級的王公府邸決不能多于這些數(shù)字。房屋的形式,、屋瓦的顏色也是不能替越的,。
恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建的慶頤堂模仿了皇帝的寧壽宮,，皇帝“加恩賜令自盡”時,，這就是其中的一條罪狀。
恭王府的建筑,，可分為府邸和花園兩部分,。府邸占地46.5畝，分為中東西三路,，各由多進四合院組成,，后面環(huán)抱著長160余米的通脊二層后罩樓。樓后為花園,，占地38.6畝,，園內(nèi)建筑也約略形成中東西三路，園中散置了疊石假山,，曲廊亭榭,，池塘花木。
中路前部是面闊3間的大門和面闊5間的二門,，門里原有正殿銀安殿,，已毀，現(xiàn)存后殿,，即嘉樂堂;東路由三進四合院組成,，是恭親王奕折的起居生活用房;西路正房為錫晉齋，院宇宏大,，廊點周接,，氣派非凡。在三路院落之后,，環(huán)抱東西長160米的40余間兩層后樓,，東邊名瞻霧樓，西邊名寶約樓。樓后即花園--蘋錦園,，俗稱恭王府花園,，占地2.8萬平方米。園內(nèi)建筑分中東酉三路,，也有約略的軸線,，散置疊石假山、曲廊亭榭,、水池花木,。主要建筑有蝎殿、邀月臺,、大戲臺,、沁秋亭等。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇七
親愛的游客們：我是您們的導游小高
王府文化是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,，是連接宮廷文化和平民文化的橋梁,，位于北京西城區(qū)前海西街的恭王府，是中國現(xiàn)存王府中保存最完整的清代王府,，是全國重點文物保護單位,，它代表著中國的王府文化。
乾隆四十一年,，即1776年,，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第,，時稱“和第”,。有說法稱、明弘治年間,、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此,。嘉慶四年正月初三，太上皇弘歷歸天,，次日嘉慶皇帝就褫奪了和珅軍機大臣和九門提督兩職,，抄了其全家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩,，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入,，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法,，同年正月十八,，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”,。而宅子本身,，則歸了“愛豪宅不愛江山”的嘉慶胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有,。與此同時，嫁給和珅兒子的乾隆之女和孝公主,，仍居住在半座宅第中,。咸豐元年，即1851年,，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府,，恭王府之名由此沿用至今,。 “一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價,。民國初年,，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回,，并用作女生學堂,。新中國成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍,、風機廠,、音樂學院等多家單位使用過。
“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠,，西山遠望如虎踞”,，這是史書上對恭王府的描述。就其選址而言,，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置,。古人修宅建園很注重風水，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈,，一是土龍,，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍，指后海和北海一線,，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上,，即龍脈上，因此風水非常的好,。古人以水為財,，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水,，是從玉泉湖引進來的,，而且只內(nèi)入不外流，因此更符合風水學聚財?shù)恼f法,。新中國十大元帥和郭沫若等人,，均在恭王府的附近居住,，而且都非常長壽。據(jù)說,，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近,，這個地方是一塊風水寶地。
恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群,，分為府邸和花園兩部分,，府在前，園在后,。恭王府的開放,，早在30年前，就被提上議事日程,。1975年,，周總理在病床上，將三件未做完的事情托付給谷牧,，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題,。
王府占地約3.1萬平方米，分為中,、東,、西三路建筑，由嚴格的軸線貫穿著的,、多進四合院落組成,。王府有門臉五間，正殿七間,，后殿五間,，后寢殿七間，左右有配殿,。府邸不僅寬大,，而且建筑規(guī)模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中,、東,、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是我們要游覽的主要區(qū)域,。
現(xiàn)在就請您跟隨我們的講解,，游覽一下這歷盡蒼桑、重現(xiàn)世人的恭王府吧,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇八
各位游客大家好!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和珅的家,，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀，抄了他的家充公,。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅奕讠斤,，所以稱為恭親王府,。
北京城兩龍脈，一是京城中軸線,，二是護城河,。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處,。和珅曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭,，我坐龍尾。龍頭雖掌大局,，卻還要龍尾行大事,。”聽聽,，和珅野心之勃勃,，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內(nèi),，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”,。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑,。和珅想讓自己很幸福,，便取“福”的諧音字“蝠”,，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”,。
進門后，首先映入眼簾的,，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”,。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”,。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石,。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹，榆樹的果,、葉形似銅錢,，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時,，和珅就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢,，進入我的‘聚寶盆’，地上的錢也是流入我和珅的囊袋中,?！边@話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前,。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門,，色彩鮮艷,，做工精細。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一,。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的,。
進了西洋門，繞過“送子觀音”石雕,，便是和珅家的戲園了,。戲園前是一片花園，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒,?！董h(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚,，一是故宮的太和殿,，二便是和珅家的戲臺了。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好,，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具,，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和珅等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了,。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊,，便來到了和珅的書齋。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合,，清幽寧靜,。整個恭親王府，就它不是用石磚砌的,。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的,，冬暖夏涼，和珅最愛待在這里了,。
出書齋,，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和珅會客的地方。要上正殿,，有一條很特別的路,，只有一節(jié)階梯，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路,，因為和珅說過他這一世,，只有年少時吃過苦，然后就一路平步青云,，登上了“一人之下,，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯,，免吃一點苦,，直接“平步青云”,。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝,，心情極其郁悶,。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆，大筆一揮,，寫了一個 “?！弊帧懲曛?，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“?！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力，十分瀟灑,。細一看,，竟看見了多個詞組：多田，多子,，多才,，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意，便命人把這個“?！弊滞卦谝粔K巨石上,。結果,，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜,，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛,。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中,，就被別人偷出了皇宮。這個人就是和珅?，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下,，只露出寫有“福”字的一面,。這個“?！北闶枪вH王府的第一萬個福，寓意“萬?！?。和珅還神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’，我是‘萬?！?”后來,，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮,，可還是沒有搬成,。和珅太狡猾了,，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“?！弊肿笥腋髌隽艘粭l龍,，寓意“龍坐江山”，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”,，便把福石留了下來,。
恭王府概述
親愛的朋友，歡迎您使用古游網(wǎng)的導游服務：
王府文化是中華民族傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分,，是連接宮廷文化和平民文化的橋梁,，位于北京西城區(qū)前海西街的恭王府，是中國現(xiàn)存王府中保存最完整的清代王府,，是全國重點文物保護單位,，它代表著中國的王府文化。
乾隆四十一年,，即1776年,，和珅開始在這東依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪華宅第,，時稱“和第”,。有說法稱、明弘治年間,、大太監(jiān)李廣也曾經(jīng)置第于此,。嘉慶四年正月初三，太上皇弘歷歸天,，次日嘉慶皇帝就褫奪了和珅軍機大臣和九門提督兩職,，抄了其全家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩,，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入,，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法,，同年正月十八,，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“賜令自盡”,。而宅子本身,，則歸了“愛豪宅不愛江山”的嘉慶胞弟慶僖親王永璘所有。與此同時,，嫁給和珅兒子的乾隆之女和孝公主,，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸豐元年，即1851年,，清末重要政治人物恭親王奕?成為這所宅子的第三代主人,，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今,。 “一座恭王府,，半部清朝史”是歷史地理學家侯仁之對恭王府的評價。民國初年,，這座王府被恭親王的孫子溥偉以40萬塊大洋賣給教會,，后由輔仁大學用108根金條贖回，并用作女生學堂,。新中國成立以后,，王府曾被公安部宿舍、風機廠,、音樂學院等多家單位使用過,。
“月牙河繞宅如龍蟠，西山遠望如虎踞”,，這是史書上對恭王府的描述,。就其選址而言，它占據(jù)京城絕佳的位置,。古人修宅建園很注重風水,，北京據(jù)說有兩條龍脈，一是土龍,，即故宮的龍脈;二是水龍,，指后海和北海一線，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之間的連接線上,，即龍脈上,，因此風水非常的好,。古人以水為財,，在恭王府內(nèi)“處處見水”，最大的湖心亭的水,，是從玉泉湖引進來的,，而且只內(nèi)入不外流，因此更符合風水學聚財?shù)恼f法,。新中國十大元帥和郭沫若等人,，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常長壽,。據(jù)說,，北京長壽老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，這個地方是一塊風水寶地。
恭王府是我國保存最為完整的王府建筑群,，分為府邸和花園兩部分,，府在前，園在后,。恭王府的開放，早在30年前,，就被提上議事日程,。1975年，周總理在病床上，將三件未做完的事情托付給谷牧,，其中之一就是恭王府的開放問題。
王府占地約3.1萬平方米,，分為中,、東,、西三路建筑，由嚴格的軸線貫穿著的,、多進四合院落組成,。王府有門臉五間,，正殿七間,，后殿五間,，后寢殿七間，左右有配殿,。府邸不僅寬大,，而且建筑規(guī)模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中,、東,、西三路各有三個院落，其中每一路的后兩個院子是我們要游覽的主要區(qū)域,。
現(xiàn)在就請您跟隨我們的講解，游覽一下這歷盡蒼桑,、重現(xiàn)世人的恭王府吧,。
門外院落
首先給您介紹一下王府主體院落之外的部分。在府邸大門外并列有東西兩組院落。
西側一組院落在三間正門兩側開有兩座罩子門通向東,、西兩路院落,，門的前方縱列著四排房屋,，每排房屋當中各有一座阿思門,，東邊的阿思門外有一座影壁,。
西側院落南邊沿圍墻有兩排倒座房,，是王府的辦事機構用房：前排東側為回事處、隨侍處,，中間為管事處,，西側為佐領處、檔子房,、管領處,、莊園處、置辦處等,，后排為糧倉房;兩排倒座之間有東房一排,，為裁房、廚房,、水屋等,。
東側一組院落中南邊沿圍墻也有一排倒座房，為王府的兵房,，駐有護衛(wèi)王府的旗兵十余名;北邊有一組四合院落,，據(jù)說載瀅回府時在此居住。
當時王府的總出入門就開在東側院落的東墻上,。
好了,，下面我們將按照由中路入東路，轉中路進西路最后到達后罩樓的順序帶領您轉轉這重新修繕的恭王府,。
正門
中路有正門兩重,，均朝南。現(xiàn)在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正門，大門面闊三開間,，外置石獅子一對,，石獅頭上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表親王的爵位,。
經(jīng)過這中路的第一個小院,，接下來您還需走過這面闊5間的二門，才能進入王府的中心區(qū)域,。二門內(nèi)是正殿及東西配殿,，其后為后殿及東西配殿。
向里走您馬上會看到的是修復后的銀安殿,。
銀安殿
銀安殿俗呼銀鑾殿,，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作為王府的正殿,，只有逢重大事件,、重要節(jié)日時方打開，起到禮儀的作用,。民國初年，由于不慎失火,，大殿連同東西配殿一并焚毀?，F(xiàn)在經(jīng)過修復，雖不能與原來的完全一樣,，但還是能讓您體會到它的宏偉與莊重,，感受到它的神韻。
現(xiàn)在讓我們先去游覽一下東路的主要建筑,。下一個景點是多福軒,。
05多福軒
多福軒采用小五架梁式的明代建筑風格。這里是奕?的會客處,，保存著一些漂亮的鳳凰彩繪,，因其內(nèi)部懸掛許多“福壽匾”而得名。多福軒內(nèi)6個書架4個多寶格每個都是4米多高,，全是用楠木復原的,。
軒前院子內(nèi)有古藤蘿一架，被稱為“藤瑩架”,，據(jù)考已生長200多年,，在北京是不多見的。因此這個院子又被稱為“藤蘿院”,。
繞過多福軒,，您將進入東路的最后一個院子，看到后院的正廳樂道堂。
樂道堂及嘉樂堂
這里恭親王奕忻起居的地方,。奕?為皇子時,，道光帝曾賜“樂道堂”匾額一方，此堂因此得名,。
東路游覽完了,，現(xiàn)在請您向西走，去參觀中路后院的嘉樂堂,。
嘉樂堂五開間,、硬山頂、前出廊,，是和珅時期的建筑,，懸掛“嘉樂堂”匾額一方。該匾疑是乾隆帝賜給和珅的,，但匾額無署款,，無鈐記，故無從證實,。在恭親王時期,，嘉樂堂主要作為王府的祭祀場所，內(nèi)供有祖先,、諸神等的牌位,，以薩滿教儀式為主。這就印證了民間對于王府內(nèi)有座神殿的傳說,。
看過了銀安殿和嘉樂堂,，想必您已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了，這中軸線上建筑物的屋頂都用綠琉璃瓦,、脊吻獸,，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇九
大家好,，我是來自福州的“林導”,，請多指教。歡迎大家乘坐“快樂時光列車”,，首先,，我們從北京出發(fā)吧!
好!現(xiàn)在我們到了“歷史文化”站。告訴你們哦：恭王府最早建于乾隆四十一年,，也就是公元1776年,，已有230多年的歷史了，是為大貪官-和申所建的宅院,，后來被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀,，于是宅院就被沒收了,。因為最后一位主人是恭親王奕忻，所以叫恭親王府,，請大家記住,，這王府的兩位主人是大貪官和申與恭親王奕忻。
各位游客們,，現(xiàn)在我們到了“福池”站,。大家知道為什么這兒叫“福池”嗎?沒錯!因為這個池塘形狀似蝙蝠，和申想讓自己幸福,，于是取了諧音“蝠”,，他還在王府內(nèi)建了九千九百九十九只形狀像蝙蝠的建筑。
我們走過“福池”,，便來到了美如畫的“西洋門”站,。這扇門做工精細、顏色鮮艷,、無與倫比,。但是這扇美麗的門也是和申的二十四條罪狀之一，因為它是仿照皇家園林-萬壽園的西洋門造的,。
進了西洋門,，穿過朱欄長廊，便是和申的書齋,，大家就看到一座十分大氣的建筑,，那就是我們的下一站“歷史傳說”站。因為要登上這威風的正殿,，所以就有一條很特別的路，而這條路只有一節(jié)階梯,，接著就是一條筆直,、平緩的坡路。據(jù)說和申這一生,，只有年少時吃過苦,，然后就一路平步青云，登上了頂峰,。所以我們大家也可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯,，把所有煩惱都扔到階梯下面，然后帶著愉快的心情一路平步青云吧!
不知不覺游玩了整個恭王府,，請大家記?。哼@座飽經(jīng)歷史風霜的建筑物聳立在中國!另外，我們的“列車”也已經(jīng)到了終點站,，希望大家能一路平安,、旅途愉快!
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十
大家去過北京恭親王府嗎?如果沒去過,，那就讓我來當一回導游吧!
恭親王府原是“千古第一貪”的和王申的家，后被嘉慶帝立下二十四條罪狀,，抄了他的家充公,。因最后一任主人是恭親王愛新覺羅·奕讠斤，所以稱為恭親王府,。
北京城兩龍脈,，一是京城中軸線，二是護城河,。故宮就坐落在中軸線的頭上,。而恭親王府就坐落在兩龍脈相交之處。和王申曾大言不慚說：“皇上坐龍頭,，我坐龍尾,。龍頭雖掌大局，卻還要龍尾行大事,?！甭犅牐屯跎暌靶闹?，真不愧“千古第一貪”!
恭親王府內(nèi),，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。這“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠,，而形似蝙蝠的建筑,。和王申想讓自己很幸福，便取“?！钡闹C音字“蝠”,，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。
進門后,，首先映入眼簾的,，便是一只碩大的“蝙蝠”。這是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘,，名曰“福池”,。池岸邊隨意錯落著假山碎石。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹,，榆樹的果,、葉形似銅錢，每當銅錢般的果,、葉掉入福池時,，和王申就會笑哈哈：“天上掉下的錢，進入我的‘聚寶盆’,，地上的錢也是流入我和王申的囊袋中,?！边@話可真不假!
我們順著福池潺潺流水走，便來一扇門前,。這是一扇精美絕倫的西洋門,，色彩鮮艷，做工精細,。據(jù)說這也是他二十四條罪狀之一,。因為這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的。
進了西洋門,，繞過“送子觀音”石雕,，便是和王申家的戲園了。戲園前是一片花園,，修剪整齊的灌木叢中開著些許花兒,。《環(huán)珠格格》中“香妃戲蝶”這出戲就是在這里拍攝的,。全北京城只有兩處是滿地青磚,，一是故宮的太和殿，二便是和王申家的戲臺了,。因為青磚的擴音效果十分好,，所以在戲臺上唱戲不需要任何擴音工具，偌大的戲場人人都能聽到音樂,，能站在遍地青磚的戲臺上為和王申等權貴大臣唱戲也是一種殊榮了,。
穿過雕刻精細的朱欄長廊，便來到了和王申的書齋,。書齋四面假山竹林環(huán)合,，清幽寧靜。整個恭親王府,，就它不是用石磚砌的,。這座書齋是用一種特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏涼,，和王申最愛待在這里了。
出書齋,，前面那座十分大氣的建筑就是正殿——和王申會客的地方,。要上正殿，有一條很特別的路,，只有一節(jié)階梯,，然后就是一條筆直平緩的坡路，因為和王申說過他這一世,，只有年少時吃過苦,，然后就一路平步青云,，登上了“一人之下，萬人之上”的權勢顛峰,。我們可以跨過最底下的一節(jié)階梯,，免吃一點苦，直接“平步青云”,。
有這樣一個故事：當年孝莊太后年老病重之時,，極其愛戴她的皇孫——康熙帝，心情極其郁悶,。他讓侍女蘇麻喇姑準備好紙筆,，大筆一揮，寫了一個“?！弊?。寫完之后，玄燁和蘇麻喇姑看著那個“?！弊煮@呆了——那個字蒼勁有力,，十分瀟灑。細一看,，竟看見了多個詞組：多田,，多子，多才,，多壽……這不就是皇祖母的心愿嗎?康熙帝越看越滿意,，便命人把這個“福”字拓在一塊巨石上,。結果,，久病多時的太皇太后很快康復了!康熙帝大喜，決定將這塊飽含吉祥福瑞氣息的巨石代代相傳,，讓愛新覺羅家族世代昌盛,。
只可惜傳到乾隆手中，就被別人偷出了皇宮,。這個人就是和王申?，F(xiàn)在這塊福石就在我們正殿腳下，只露出寫有“?！弊值囊幻?。這個“福”便是恭親王府的第一萬個福,，寓意“萬?！薄：屯跎赀€神氣地說：“皇上是‘萬歲’,，我是‘萬?！?”后來,，嘉慶帝抄他家時，本想把福石搬回皇宮,，可還是沒有搬成,。和王申太狡猾了，他用石塊砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山,，在“?！弊肿笥腋髌隽艘粭l龍，寓意“龍坐江山”,，嘉慶帝不想自毀“江山”,，便把福石留了下來。
我們剛才是“平步青云”而上,，現(xiàn)在讓我們踏著龍脈下來吧,。
再沿著福山前的池塘流水走，便可來和王申家的釣魚池,，踩著朱色石船便可來到池中心的釣魚臺,，釣魚臺南面堆砌著一些奇形怪狀的假山，池里長滿了綠色植物,。北面巖上栽滿了柳樹,，它們阿娜多姿的身體隨風搖擺，與池中冒個不停的水突眼相映成趣,，就像自己來到了濟南趵突泉,。可我回頭一看,，才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還沒離開恭親王府呢：釣魚臺的欄桿,，牌欄上無不鏤刻著只有北京恭親王府才有的蝙蝠花紋。
釣魚池北岸上,，還有一座形狀奇特的閣樓,，閣樓前種滿了花草樹木，據(jù)說是恭親王奕讠斤派人按慈禧太后頭上的旗頭形狀做的,。奕讠斤很是討厭慈禧太后,，說：“你把我玩弄于股掌之間，我就要在你頭上作威作福!”于是,，奕讠斤就建了這么一個閣樓,。
游完恭親王府，我再次回首,，看著這座飽經(jīng)歷史風霜卻風采不減當年的府邸，心中百感交集：在這里住過的人,，在自己事業(yè)走到顛峰時,，卻不知自己也走上了權途與錢途的末路,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十一
北京清，有十帝王的王子封了王位,，有親王,、郡王封號的有七十個。
為了顯示他們的特殊地位和便于管理,，清王府一般都設在內(nèi)城,。
“鐵帽王府”。清初對入關有功的8家王爵,，封為世襲罔替,，俗稱“鐵帽王”，他們的王府就叫鐵帽王府,，共有8處,，5處在西城，三處在東城,。
以后又封了幾個鐵帽王,，共12個世襲罔替王爵。
北京有兩個恭親王,，一個是順治皇帝的第五子常寧,，府址在今東四十條。
另一個是道光皇帝的第六子奕*,，1852年將原慶王府轉賜奕*,，此處原是和珅宅，位于前海西街17號,，這個恭王府是保護得最好的一個王府,。
恭王府位于前海西街17號，是清規(guī)模最大的一座王府,，據(jù)說恭王府總面積為一百多畝,。相當于中山公園，這是至今保存最好的一座王府,，曾是和珅的宅邸,。
1996年10月起開放的只是恭王府的后花園，占地9畝,，但其規(guī)模已經(jīng)是非?？捎^的。
恭王府分中東西三路,，分別由多過四合院組成,，后為長160米的二層后罩樓。
恭王府假山，此假山是用糯米漿砌筑成的,，非常堅固,，山上置兩口缸，缸底有管子通到假山上,，通過往缸中灌水的辦法來增加院中的濕度,，過去整個假山上都長滿了青苔。
假山正中有一康熙皇帝為其母祝壽寫的“?！弊直?，這是恭王府的“三絕”之一，碑石長7.9米,，貫穿整修假山,。
垂花門，因門上有兩個倒垂的花卉而得名,，門前的兩棵龍瓜槐在和珅居住時就有,，這種樹比較珍貴。
垂花門內(nèi)的牡丹院,，院中有紫藤蘿架,。 院子正中造形呈蝙蝠形狀的小湖。
在清的北京,，往住宅中引入活水,，是要經(jīng)皇帝特批的，恭親王府是少有的幾個享此殊榮的王府之一,。
西式門,，據(jù)說在當時在北京只有3個。這也是恭王府的三絕之一,，另一絕是戲樓和福字碑,。
花院門內(nèi)的假山石，起到影壁的作用,， 名稱為“獨樂峰”,。
嘉慶四年正月初三(1799年2月7日)太上皇弘歷歸天，次日嘉慶褫奪了和珅軍機大臣,、九門提督兩職,，抄了其家，估計全部財富約值白銀八億兩,，相當于國庫十幾年的總收入,，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉慶吃飽”的說法,，2月22日和珅被“賜令自盡”,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十二
大家去過北京“恭王府”嗎?如果沒去過，那就讓我來當一回導游，帶領大家一起去參觀一下吧,。
恭王府原是“千古第一貪”的貪官和珅的家,，據(jù)說他做官時一共貪污了八千萬兩白銀，相當于現(xiàn)在的9億人民幣,。
大家看到了吧，在恭王府內(nèi)的建筑上到處都有“蝙蝠”的圖案,。這些“蝙蝠”并不是真實的蝙蝠,。和珅想讓自己很幸福，便取“?！钡闹C音 “蝠” 字,。我告訴大家，整個恭王府里有九千九百九十九只蝙蝠,。
好,，大家繼續(xù)跟著我往前走。現(xiàn)在我們看到一只形似蝙蝠的池塘,，又叫“福池”,。福池周圍栽滿了榆樹。榆樹的果,、葉形似銅錢,，每當銅錢般的果、葉掉入福池時,，和珅就會高興無比,。他覺得這樣天上掉下來的錢，就會全部進入自己的“聚寶盆”了,?！?/p>
我們順著福池向前走，眼前的這扇門是一扇精美絕倫的“西洋門”,?？此纳识圊r艷，做工多精細,。這一扇西洋門是仿造皇家園林——萬壽園里的西洋門造的,。
進了西洋門， 就是和珅家的戲園了,。戲園前是一片花園,，開著許多花兒。在戲園里,，我們可以一邊坐著喝茶,、吃好吃的小點心，一邊看戲，真是享受啊!
大家看了這么多美麗的建筑,，一定都想拍照留念了吧,。好了，下面的時間就留給大家自己支配,，一個小時后我們在西洋門集合,。我要提醒大家在參觀時一定要注意安全。也要做文明游客,，保護好環(huán)境呀,。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十三
prince gong's residence is located in the northwest of beijing, nearqianhai in the east and houhai in the north. in the early stage, a canal fromthe northeast corner of jishuitan (west sea) water area in deshengmen bypassedthe west wall of prince gong's residence, turned outside the south wall(commonly known as yueya river), and flowed into shichahai (qianhai) throughthree bridges. facing water in the west and south, and near water in the eastand north, it can be said that it is surrounded by water and has a beautifulenvironment. by the early 1950s, the canal had been filled up to form liuyinstreet and qianhaixi street.
prince gong's residence was first built in 1776, with a history of morethan 230 years. in the fourth year of jiaqing, he was convicted and his housewas confiscated. after that, the house was spanided into two parts: the east andthe west. emperor jiaqing of the west gave the house to his younger brotherprince yonggui, and the east left it to the ten princesses. in the first year ofchengfeng (1851), emperor xianfeng gave the whole palace to prince gong yi? tolive in. so far, it was named prince gong's palace, which is still in use remember the two main masters of the garden: big corrupt official andprince gong yi?.
prince gong's residence is 330 meters long from north to south and 180meters wide from east to west. there are dozens of palaces in beijing, whichwere either destroyed or used for other purposes. only prince gong's mansion,which has been preserved in its original style, is open to the outside world. asan ancient garden of manchu royal family, it is composed of two parts: mansionand garden, covering an area of more than 60000 square meters, including 32000square meters of mansion and 28000 square meters of garden.
the buildings in the mansion are spanided into three roads: the east road,the middle road and the west road. from the south to the north, they arecomposed of many three-way quadrangles with strict central axis. the layout isclear. the east road goes to park shanghua, the middle road is solemn andsolemn, and the west road is simple and elegant. the three roads areself-contained and harmonious. in these houses, there are not only the buildingsreflecting the royal style and majesty, but also the exquisite architecture anddecoration style from the folk, which constitute the biggest feature of theroyal culture. the garden integrates jiangnan garden and northern architecture,and integrates western architecture and chinese classical garden gong's mansion is not only one of the important representatives of theqing dynasty's mansion architecture, but also an important performance of themost mature period of chinese traditional architecture and gardening skills. renzhi, a famous scholar, called it "a palace of prince gong, half of thehistory of qing dynasty".
prince gong's house was listed as a key national protection unit in 1982,and the garden of prince gong's house was opened to the public in 1988. in theprocess of my explanation, in order to better protect this precious heritage andensure the safety of your visit to the park, please cooperate. first, do notsmoke. second, do not climb rocks. third, take good care of your , take good care of the environment and do not litter in the park
1、 the first master of the mansion, he (born in 1750 a.d. in the 15th yearof qianlong and died in 1799 a.d. in the 4th year of jiaqing), was originallynamed shanbao, with the word zhizhai and the surname niuhulu. he belonged to thezhenghong banner of manchuria (once carried into zhenghuang banner, but hisfamily members were classified as zhenghong banner after being convicted).)among the eight banners, they are not aristocrats (eight banners are spanidedinto yellow flag, yellow flag, white flag, white flag, red flag, red flag, blueflag and blue flag). the yellow flag, the yellow flag and the white flag led bythe emperor were the upper three banners, the nobles and the lower five banners.)how could he be the greatest favorite of emperor qianlong if he was not borninto a noble family and had no degree of jinshi
there are five main reasons why he is favored
first, smart. he? has an amazing memory, makes a clear reading and makes asmart decision. even jiaqing affirmed that he was "smart and agile". when he wasa child, he studied in xianan palace, the best school in the capital at thattime (xianan palace is in the imperial palace, which is equivalent to thecurrent national key school. it mainly recruits the children of the internalaffairs government and eight banners officials who are both good-looking andgood-looking). he is proficient in manchu, chinese, mongolian and tibetanlanguages, and can be both civil and military. at the age of 19, he inheritedthe position of third-class light truck captain earned by his ancestors. threeyears later, there was another vacancy for the third class bodyguard, which gavehim a chance to get close to emperor qianlong.
second, the united tobacco royal family. his son, fengshen yinde, was giventhe name by emperor qianlong, which means longevity in manchu. moreover,qianlong married his 65 year old daughter gu lun and princess xiao to his sonfengshen yinde. the relationship between emperor qianlong and "he" changed fromthe relationship between master and slave, the relationship between monarch andminister to the relationship between daughter and family, and qianlong becamethe real umbrella of "he".
thirdly, according to unofficial history, i remember that when hongli wasyoung (later emperor qianlong), i once played in the palace and saw nianguifeicombing her hair. nianguifei was the younger sister of general nian genyao ofthe qing dynasty and one of the top ten beauties of the qing dynasty. her namewas nianqiuyue. hongli was moved by her beauty and secretly went over to coverher eyes from behind. qing, nian's concubine was startled and didn't know whowas behind. she picked up the hairpin and rowed back, which just cut hongli'sforehead. later, the empress learned about it, because it spread that it was notgood for hongli's reputation (she was the royal concubine of yongzheng, honglishould call her erniang. )next year, the imperial concubine hanged cried bitterly at that time, because one of his frivolous actions killednian guifei. i secretly vowed that when i became an emperor, i would meet again,not to repair this life and the afterlife. so stained with cinnabar, she printeda red fingerprint behind her ear. many years later, when hongli became emperor,he was emperor qianlong. when he first saw him, he was still a stick ng was surprised and felt that he looked like the young lady who died manyyears ago. so he stepped down from the throne and asked if there were anysisters in his family. he said that there were only two brothers, he and he?.when the emperor was disappointed, he suddenly saw a red mole behind his ear. itwas not only similar to nianguifei's face, but also the size and location of themole. so the emperor thinks that he? is the reincarnation of nian guifei. so theemperor kept him close to him and favored him. he also used his intelligence toplease qianlong. as a result, his position and status rose like a three years, emperor qianlong passed orders to promote him to theposition of official. he almost made all kinds of high-ranking officials in theqing dynasty. he had been a military aircraft minister for 23 years, and wasknown as the second emperor.
many friends come to prince gong's residence with admiration. the film andtelevision works also make a lot of hype about ho. however, there is a big gapbetween the real image of ho and the image of the film and television works. hois a real beautiful man with a white face, quick action, dignified and humorousspeech.
the second master, prince gong yi? (1833-1898), was the sixth son ofemperor daoguang. he was named prince gong in the imperial edict of emperordaoguang in 1850. he was an important and influential figure in the politicalsituation of the late qing dynasty. after the death of emperor xianfeng in 1861,he and cixi jointly launched the "xinyou coup" to eliminate eight ministers,such as sushun, which paved the way for cixi to reach the peak of power. afterthat, he was appointed as the king of political affairs, walked on the militaryplane, and participated in military affairs as a prince, which was very rare inthe qing dynasty. as a "leader", he, together with zeng guofan, zhang zhidongand other feudal officials, set off the famous "westernization movement" inmodern chinese history. under his invitation and planning, the qing governmentestablished in 1860 the first official "ministry of foreign affairs" in chinesehistory, the premier's national affairs yamen, to deal with foreign affairs. in1862, under his own planning, the qing government established the capitaltongwen school in beijing. the establishment of tongwen school was the beginningof the establishment of a new school in china. it entered the school of beijingnormal university in 1902 and became the earliest part of the establishment ofpeking university. it seems that the prince of the late qing dynasty has acertain relationship with peking university. yi? was the sixth son of emperordaoguang. at that time, he was famous for his foreign affairs. therefore, peoplenicknamed him gui zi liu, and he didn't mind. because yi? was very independentand active in politics, he was afraid of empress dowager cixi. later, he lostpower and lived in seclusion in jiehe temple. yi? became the tenth iron hat kingof the qing dynasty in 1872. he is the author of the collection of works ofledaotang. after the sino japanese war of 1894-1895, it was used again. it wasthe prime minister of the navy, the council for military affairs, and the innercourt. he died in 1898 with the posthumous title of "zhong". )
2,、 scenic spots in the mansion
the main hall of the palace of yin'an, commonly known as "yin'an hall", isthe place where important ceremonial activities are held. a group of screens andthe throne of the prince are placed in the center of the hall. it corresponds tothe jinluan hall of the forbidden city. jinluan hall was the place where theemperor summoned and held important ceremonies.
the tall building you see now was newly built in this overhaul as it was inthe guangxu reign of tongzhi. the original yin'an hall, together with the eastand west side halls, was destroyed by burning incense on the night of thelantern festival on january 15, 1921.
the new construction process of yin'an hall:
the yin'an hall was built according to the strict architectural regulationsof the qing dynasty and the highest standard roof of the royal palace.
tourists, please observe the color of the tiles on the roof of the mainhall, the number of animals on the roof ridge, the number of doornails on themain door, etc. how are they different from the palace museum you can see?
the roof of the imperial palace is covered with golden colored glass, whichis the symbol of imperial power; the roof of the main hall of the royal palaceis covered with green colored glass tiles, and the roof of the auxiliary hall iscovered with gray tiles, which indicates the prince's status.
in ancient architecture, door nails were only used on board ally used to guard against the enemy's fire attack, so zhuoyi was coveredwith mud to prevent fire. doornails are usually made of copper. in the qingdynasty, the use of door nails was regulated. in royal architecture, there arenine nails for each door, nine in each direction, and a total of ninety-nine andeighty-one nails. nine is the pole of yang number, symbolizing the higheststatus of the emperor. because the imperial temple is dedicated to the emperorsof the past dynasties, it also has nine road studs; seven roads in the royalpalace take seven roads, but seven roads in the prince's palace take nine roads;further down there are five roads take five roads.
duofuxuan is commonly known as "tengluoyuan". the main hall was called"yanxi hall" in the period of peace, which was the residence of the son andprincess of peace. it was called "duofuxuan" in the period of prince gong. itwas the hall and living room of the palace. it was mainly used by the host toreceive visitors, relatives and friends or subordinates who came to report backto the official affairs. it was also used to store gifts sent by the emperor."duofuxuan" was inscribed by emperor xianfeng. it means the palace of a lot ofhappiness. the plaque of "tongde yanxi" is hung in the center of the hall, whichis intended to warn the host that only when you and the emperor have the samevirtue can you extend the xi (xi: good luck and long life). please observecarefully that the four walls of the hall near the ceiling are all hung with theinscription of "fu shou". the inscription of "fu shou" is written on the redsquare paper (i.e. "dou fang") and is placed in a shuttle shape. the inscriptionof "fu shou" is made in pairs.
since the reign of kangxi in the qing dynasty, every winter, the emperorhad to write the words "fu" and "shou" in person and give them to the king, theduke, the minister and the empress. the word "shou" will be added to every majorbirthday celebration. according to convention, the old "fu shou" dou fang cannot be removed. instead, the new "fu shou" dou fang is pasted directly on theold one, meaning "fu tian shou". now what you see is the original copy.
please carefully observe the phoenix and seal painting of qianlong periodon the roof beam. although only partial phoenix tail pattern remains, it hasspecial value. its existence confirms that fudi east road was once princessmansion.
hexi painting is also known as palace architectural painting. this kind ofarchitectural painting is the highest level painting in the qing dynasty, mostlypainted on palace buildings or buildings related to the royal family
ledaotang is the largest building on the east road and the last one toenter the courtyard. the main room is called "ledaotang". on the interior beams,there are two hundred years of colorful paintings of baojindi and phoenix in themiddle qing dynasty, which indicates that it was the residence of the princessduring the period of peace. in the period of prince gong, this is the livingroom of the prince. now the interior is displayed as it was when prince gonglived. the plaque of "ledaotang" was given to yi? by emperor daoguang expresses a father's wish for his son's happiness and auspiciousness.
he is not a prince. in the qing dynasty, when the feudal hierarchy was verystrict, why did he build such a luxurious private house in spite of large-scaleconstruction? you can see the reason from the following records.
yin de, the son of he, was born on the 19th of the first month of the 40thyear of qianlong (1775), half a month younger than princess he xiao. he andqianlong formed a family of sons and daughters, and became the most unattainablerelatives of the emperor. he jianhe house was actually built as princess house,so he jianhe house was built according to the double specifications of princesshouse and first-class officials of the imperial court
jiale hall
jiale hall is the hall name of hejin period. it is said that the plaque ofjiale hall was given to hejin by qianlong. during the period of prince gong, itwas the "temple", that is, the place where shamanism activities were held.
shamanism sacrificial activities: ancient mongolians believed in shamanismfirst. shamanism worships gods and spanides the world into three kinds: heavenabove, earth in the middle and hell below.
the most important way of shaman sacrifice is to worship ancestors andheaven. it is said that the ancestors of manchu people fell into a trap in abattle and had to hide in a big tree in a hurry. the birds on the tree did notmove, so they did not expose the ancestors of manchu people to the enemy and letthem survive. therefore, manchu people revered the birds as gods.
grand theater
the grand theater building of prince gong's mansion, built during the reignof tongzhi (1862-1874), is a place for prince gong and his relatives to watchthe opera. this theater is the only existing fully enclosed theater in china. inthe archives of the qing dynasty, theatrical buildings were called "bigtheatrical rooms". the building area is 685 square meters, and its architecturalform adopts a three volume hook and build fully enclosed structure. it is saidthat although the whole theater building is of brick and wood structure, it doesnot use an iron nail. in particular, it is worth mentioning the sound effect ofthe grand theater. in order to ensure the fidelity of the sound, several largetanks are placed under the stage. the ingenious and special structure increasesthe resonance reverberation space, so that the audience can clearly hear thesinging of the actors without any sound transmission tools at any position inthe theater. once, after a famous singer came here to sing, he excitedly praisedthat the timbre effect of the grand theater building was better than that of theconcert hall.
in the peony courtyard, the location of the theater is general, but theinside is resplendent. on both sides of the stage, the two pillars, the fourwalls and the top are all painted with twigs and vines. the scene of greenleaves and purple flowers in full bloom makes people feel like watching theopera under the vines. it is said that at that time, even empress dowager cixiwas sitting in the courtyard. prince gong worried that he would be guilty ofoverstepping the system, so he painted a lot of vines on the roof, which meansthat this is the vines rack, not the lobby. it's very kind of him. there are 20large palace lanterns hanging on the top of the shed, and 20 eight immortalstables with taishi chairs are placed in an orderly manner. the back walls of thetheater are light brown wooden lattice, with dark blue silk cloth as the bottomlining. on the south side of the hall is a stage about one meter high. above thestage, there is a black plaque with gold characters, which is written with fourseal characters of "enjoy yourself". in the south, there is an actor's dressingroom in the backstage and a stage in the front. in the north, there are placesfor vips and their wives to watch and rest. yi's birthday is in the late octoberof the lunar calendar. when holding a birthday party, a fire is needed, so thegrand theater is also called "warm building" by the government. in addition toacting, it was also the place where the wedding ceremony was held in princegong's mansion. every time the important figures in the mansion die, the theaterwill be full of couplets, buildings, cigarettes, long hanging, and monks andnuns in each temple will sprinkle sutras one after another to pass the dead.
in 1936, pu ru, the grandson of prince gong yi? who lived in the garden atthat time, celebrated his mother mrs. xiang's birthday and organized a hall playin the theater. at that time, famous actors in the peking opera circle gatheredin the grand theater and performed on the stage one after another. this is thelast meeting of prince gong's mansion. now?
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十四
hello, tourists!
prince gong's mansion used to be the home of "the most greedy one in allages". later, emperor jiaqing made twenty-four charges and confiscated hishouse. because the last owner was prince gong aixinjueluo yijin, it was calledprince gong's mansion.
there are two dragon veins in beijing, one is the central axis of beijing,the other is the moat. the palace museum is located at the head of the centralaxis. prince gongqin's residence is located at the intersection of the twodragon veins. he lin once said, "the emperor takes the dragon's head, i take thedragon's tail.". although the dragon's head is in charge of the overallsituation, it still needs the dragon's tail to do great things. &"listen, hoho is so ambitious that he deserves to be the first greedy person in allages.";!
there are 9999 bats in prince gongqin's mansion;. this is not a real bat,but a bat like building. in order to make himself happy, he took the homonym of"fu" and built 9999 bats;.
when you enter the door, the first thing you see is a huge bat;. this is abat like pond called "fu chi";. rockery and gravel are randomly scattered on thebank of the pool. around fuchi, elms are planted. the fruit and leaf of elms arelike copper coins. whenever the fruit and leaf of copper coins fall into fuchi,hexiang will laugh and laugh: & lt; money falling from the sky enters my& lsquo; cornucopia & gt;, and the money on the ground also flows intomy bag. &"that's true!
we followed the gurgling water of fuchi and came to a door. this is abeautiful western gate with bright colors and fine workmanship. it is said thatthis is one of his 24 counts. because this western gate was made after thewestern gate in the royal garden.
after entering the western gate and bypassing the stone carving of "songziguanyin", it is the opera garden of the ho family. in front of the play gardenis a garden, with some flowers in the trim bushes. the play "xiangfei playsbutterfly" in huanzhuge was shot here. only two places in beijing are coveredwith green bricks. one is the taihe hall in the forbidden city, and the other isthe stage of the ho family. because the sound amplification effect of greenbrick is very good, singing on the stage does not need any sound amplificationtools. in such a large theater, everyone can hear music, and it is also a greathonor to stand on the stage full of green bricks and sing for the powerfulministers such as he lu.
through the well carved zhulan corridor, you come to the study of he study is surrounded by rockery and bamboo groves, quiet and quiet. the wholegongqin palace is not built with stone bricks. this study is made of a specialkind of bamboo. it's warm in winter and cool in summer. he likes to stayhere.
out of the study, the magnificent building in front is the main hall — & mdash; where he lin meets visitors. to get to the main hall, thereis a very special road. there is only one ladder, and then there is a straightand gentle slope. because he said that in his life, he had suffered only when hewas young, and then he went all the way to the peak of power. we can cross thebottom of the ladder, avoid suffering, and go straight to the top;.
there is a story: when the empress dowager of xiaozhuang was very old andsick, she loved her grandson emperor kangxi very much and was very depressed. heasked su malagu, his maid, to prepare her pen and paper, and with a stroke ofher pen, she wrote "fu". after finishing the writing, xuanye and su malagu lookat the word "fu" and are stunned & mdash; & mdash; the word is powerfuland natural. if you look closely, you can see many phrases: more fields, moresons, more talents, more longevity & hellip; & hellip; isn't this thewish of the emperor's grandmother? the more emperor kangxi saw it, the moresatisfied he was, he ordered people to put the word "fu" on a huge stone. as aresult, the empress dowager, who had been ill for a long time, soon r kangxi was so happy that he decided to pass on this auspicious andauspicious stone from generation to generation, so that the aixinjueluo familycould prosper from generation to generation.
unfortunately, when it reached qianlong, it was stolen out of the person is he lin. now this stone is at the foot of our main hall, onlyshowing the side with the word "fu". this & quot; blessing & quot; isthe 10th blessing of prince gongqin's mansion, which means & quot; tenthousand blessings & quot;. he shen also said with an air: & lt; theemperor is & lsquo; long live & gt; and i am & lsquo; wanfu >! & gt; later, when emperor jiaqing copied his house, he wanted to movethe fushi back to the palace, but he didn't. he lin was too cunning. he built abat like fushan mountain with stones and built a dragon on the left and right ofthe word "fu", implying that "the dragon sits on the river and mountain".emperor jiaqing didn't want to destroy himself, so he left the stone.
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十五
清代皇室為了顯示他們的特殊地位和便于管理,，清代王府一般都設在內(nèi)城。
“鐵帽王府”。清初對入關有功的8家王爵,，封為世襲罔替,，俗稱“鐵帽王”,，他們的王府就叫鐵帽王府，共有8處,，5處在西城，三處在東城,。
以后又封了幾個鐵帽王,，共12個世襲罔替王爵。
北京有兩個恭親王,，一個是順治皇帝的第五子常寧,，府址在今東四十條。
另一個是道光皇帝的第六子奕*,，1852年將原慶王府轉賜奕*,，此處原是和珅宅,，位于前海西街17號,，這個恭王府是保護得最好的一個王府。
恭王府位于前海西街17號,，是清代規(guī)模最大的一座王府,，據(jù)說恭王府總面積為一百多畝,。相當于中山公園，這是至今保存最好的一座王府,，曾是和珅的宅邸,。
1996年10月起開放的只是恭王府的后花園，占地9畝,，但其規(guī)模已經(jīng)是非?？捎^的。
恭王府分中東西三路,，分別由多過四合院組成,，后為長160米的二層后罩樓。
恭王府假山,，此假山是用糯米漿砌筑成的，非常堅固,，山上置兩口缸,，缸底有管子通到假山上，通過往缸中灌水的辦法來增加院中的濕度,，過去整個假山上都長滿了青苔,。
假山正中有一康熙皇帝為其母祝壽寫的“福”字碑,，這是恭王府的“三絕”之一,，碑石長7.9米，貫穿整修假山,。
垂花門,，因門上有兩個倒垂的花卉而得名，門前的兩棵龍瓜槐在和珅居住時就有,，這種樹比較珍貴,。
垂花門內(nèi)的牡丹院，院中有紫藤蘿架,。 院子正中造形呈蝙蝠形狀的小湖,。
在清代的北京，往住宅中引入活水,，是要經(jīng)皇帝特批的,，恭親王府是少有的幾個享此殊榮的王府之一。
西式門,，據(jù)說在當時在北京只有3個,。這也是恭王府的三絕之一，另一絕是戲樓和福字碑,。
花院門內(nèi)的假山石,，起到影壁的作用,，名稱為“獨樂峰”。
北京恭王府導游講解 恭王府導游解說詞篇十六
prince gong's residence is located in qianhai west street, xichengdistrict, beijing. it is the largest palace in qing dynasty. it was successivelyused as the residence of the corrupt official and prince qing. later, it wasgiven to prince gong yixin, hence the name of prince gong's residence, which isstill in use today. prince gong's residence has gone through the historicalprocess of the qing dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a sayingthat "a prince gong's residence, half of the history of the qing dynasty".
&this is the description of prince gong's residence in historicalbooks. in terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in thecapital. the ancients paid great attention to fengshui in building houses andgardens. it is said that there are two dragon veins in beijing. one is the earthdragon, which is the dragon vein of the forbidden city; the other is the waterdragon, which refers to the line between houhai and beihai. prince gong'sresidence is just on the connecting line between houhai and beihai, which is thedragon vein. therefore, fengshui is very good. the ancients took water as theirwealth. they found water everywhere in prince gong's mansion. the water of thelargest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from yuquan lake, andit only entered but did not flow out. therefore, it is more in line with thetheory of geomantic omen. china's top ten marshals and guo moruo and others alllived near prince gong's residence and lived a long life. it is said that theplace with the largest number of long-lived people in beijing is near princegong's residence. this place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.
prince gong's mansion is composed of two parts: mansion and garden. it isabout 330 meters long from north to south and 180 meters wide from east to covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters ofmansion and 28860 square meters of garden. the mansion is not only spacious, butalso the highest standard of architecture. the obvious signs are the front doorand the number of houses. there are five front rooms, seven main rooms, fiveback rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. there mustbe no more royal mansions than these. the form of the house and the color of thetiles should not exceed the standard. there are three courtyards in the middle,east and west roads of prince gong's mansion, and the back two courtyards ofeach road are the main areas for people to visit.
the mansion building is spanided into east, middle and west roads, each ofwhich is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strictcentral axis from south to north.
the main buildings on the middle road are yin'an hall and jiale hall. theroof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middleroad and the identity of the prince. the front courtyard of east road is calledduofuxuan. in front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for morethan 200 years. it is still growing very well. it is extremely rare in thecapital. the main room of the backyard on east road is called "ledotang", whichwas the living place of prince gong yi xin. the siheyuan on the west road isrelatively small and exquisite. the main buildings are baoguang room andxijinzhai. the most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to thehigh-profile school. there are exquisitely carved sections of nanmu in the hall,which is in the style of ningshou palace in the forbidden city (this is one ofthe "twenty crimes" of hezhen's being condemned to death). in the deepest partof the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long fromeast to west. there are 88 windows on the back wall. there are 108 rooms in thebuilding, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you getthere, you will get rich".
it's called "langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". it's commonly known asgongwangfu garden. wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains andrivers. echoing the residence, the garden is also spanided into east, west andeast. the entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate withwestern architectural style, centered on the stele of "fu" written by emperorkangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky xiaoyin and bat hallin the back. the layout is memorable. the grand theater hall on the east road isdecorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. the purple flowers of twigs andvines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the opera under thevines. at the south end of the theater, the ming daozhai, the winding pathleading to seclusion, the hanging green yue, the singing fragrance and thedrunken moon, and the liubei pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. inthe garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, wateraround the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. the landscape of thegarden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. many chineseand foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clearwaters and winding paths.
prince gong's residence, located in qianhai west street, was built in 1776& mdash; 1785. it was originally the private residence of he li, a favoriteminister of qianlong in qing dynasty. after he li was killed in jiaqing forcorruption, the private residence here was given to king qing. during the reignof tongzhi, because prince gong yixin cooperated with cixi to launch a coup,empress dowager cixi gave the house to him and became prince gong'sresidence.
the hall of silver luan is the main building of prince gong's residence. asthe main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are importantevents and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. in the early years of therepublic of china, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned togetherwith the east and west side halls. now the courtyard of yin'an hall isrebuilt.
the architecture in the period of hetao. there is a plaque on the side ofjiale hall. it is suspected that the plaque was given to hezhen by emperorqianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason toconfirm it. however, hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates thatit is the room name of hezhen. in the period of prince gong, jiale hall wasmainly used as the sacrificial place of the royal palace, where the tablets ofancestors and gods were offered, and shamanism was the main ritual. princegong's mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. it is spanided intotwo parts: the mansion and the garden. it has more than 30 buildings of varioustypes, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. its garden, also known asjincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. the gardenimitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. the park issurrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". in the east, south and west,there are mounds of earth and stone. in the middle of the road, there are cavesand gullies made of fangshan stone. the top platform becomes the highest pointof the whole garden. from a high position, you can see the whole garden. princegong's mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the official's residence. among the20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potentialwaste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. forexample, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmuhall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated thesystem of ningshou palace";. therefore, the decoration of the eaves of princegong's residence is unique in the culture of prince gong's residence
1,、 it has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palacebuildings
the decoration of the eaves of the main halls of prince gong's mansion isnot only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove withpilu hat in the temple. and has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomesthe indoor small garden, is ingenious.
2,、 there are many forms
from the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decoratedwith inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi,throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, wanzi kang, several legscover, floor cover, kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge,shunshan kang, front and back eaves kang, etc.
3、 flexible demarcation and rich space:
the main halls of prince gong's mansion are composed of solemn and solemnopen space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexiblespace. some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for shamanismsacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used assleep, so different space needs are appropriate.
4,、 exquisite workmanship and superb skills:
it can be seen from the decoration remains of prince gong's mansion thathardwood is used. the processed wood can be made into small sections, and thecarving patterns are undulating accurately. moreover, various kinds of wagonscan be made by using circles or curves. only on the basis of fine processing canit be completed. the construction difficulty is amazing. unfortunately, most ofthe original eaves decoration of prince gong's mansion has disappeared. today,through the study of the culture of prince gong's mansion, we should furtherexcavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the museum ofprince gong's mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.
in 1776, the 41st year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin began to buildhis luxurious house, which was called "he di";. it is said that during the reignof emperor hongzhi of the ming dynasty, li guang, the great eunuch, was onceplaced here. on the third day of the first month of the fourth year of jiaqing,emperor hongli returned to heaven. on the next day, jiaqing stripped theminister of military aircraft and the governor of jiumen from his home. it isestimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which isequivalent to the fiscal revenue of the qing government for 15 years. therefore,there is a saying that "when he falls, jiaqing is satisfied.". on february 22,1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commitsuicide;. the house itself, however, is owned by prince qingyu, his youngerbrother.
at the same time, qianlong's daughter and princess xiao, who were marriedto the son of hetao, still lived in half the house. in 1851, the first year ofxianfeng, prince gong yi, an important political figure in the late qingdynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name toprince gong's house, which is still in use today. &"a prince gong's mansion,half of the history of qing dynasty" is the evaluation of prince gong's mansionby hou renzhi, a historical geographer. in the early years of the republic ofchina, the palace was sold to the church by prince gong's grandson pu wei for400000 yuan. later, it was redeemed by furen university with 108 gold bars andused as a school for girls. after the founding of new china, wangfu has beenused by dormitories of the ministry of public security, fan factories,conservatory of music and other units.
prince gong's mansion is the most complete preserved building complex inchina, which is spanided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with themansion in the front and the garden in the back. the opening of prince gong'sresidence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. in 1975, premier zhouentrusted gu mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of whichwas the opening of prince gong's residence.
prince gong's residence was built in the reign of emperor qianlong of theqing dynasty. it was the private residence of heshi, a bachelor.
in the early years of tongzhi, yixin, the third generation of the hosthere, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. he was verypowerful and distinguished for a time. he built the mansion and renovated thepart of the mansion. it was at that time that the architectural scale andpattern of prince gong's mansion was finally formed.
the first half of prince gong's mansion is a magnificent mansion, and thesecond half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly60000 square meters. the mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant,with bright corridors and ridges. it is second only to the imperial palace. thecuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains,with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.
according to the existing literature, in this fengshui treasure land on thewest bank of qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was alarge-scale temple in the yuan and ming dynasties, which was full of incense andfull of visitors. even the emperor came here to worship the buddha. it was onlyin the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned andreduced to a supply factory of the ming dynasty. after the qing dynasty came tobeijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinarybanners such as the house of internal affairs.
around the 40th year of emperor qianlong's reign, he lin, who was red andpurple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this fengshui treasure land,which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not farfrom the emperor's home. he bought many properties here at a high price andbuilt them into famous "and" di ";.
prince gong's residence is known as "half of the history of qing dynasty",which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. as weall know, the first generation of government leader he lu was a zaifu and abachelor in the late qianlong period. he was also a famous corrupt official inhistory. he attracted people's attention in the history of the qing dynasty, andthere were so many legends about him. in particular, his son, fengshen yin de,later married the youngest daughter of emperor qianlong, gu lun, and princessxiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;
in the fourth year of jiaqing, he zhen died for his crime, so the emperorof jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother yongzhen, the king of is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. as earlyas when he lin was in power, all the princes of qianlong agreed that no matterwho became emperor in the future, he would be killed. but the 17th princeyonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, iwill be satisfied if he lin's mansion is awarded to me!";
when it comes to yongyao, many people are not familiar with him. but whenit comes to his grandson, yizhe, the prince of qing who signed the "treaty ofsorrow and disgrace" with li hongzhang and the allied forces of the eightcountries, i'm afraid everyone knows about him. yi zhe is also a famous corruptofficial in modern chinese history, but compared with the cowardly andincompetent bailey in the late qing dynasty, he is still a man who dares to beresponsible and can entrust heavy responsibilities. therefore, since the tongzhidynasty, yi zhe has been favored by empress dowager cixi. before xianfengchanged his residence to prince gong, he lived here as a general of theauxiliary country.
as for prince gong yixin, he was one of the most important politicalfigures in modern chinese history. he participated in the second opium war andalmost all the major political activities after it (1853-1898). during the"xinyou coup", he helped cixi to the throne of "hanging curtain to listen topolitics"; it is no exaggeration to say that without yi xin, the whole modernchinese history, and even the later chinese history, would have beenrewritten.
if all things in the world are spiritual, then this beautiful buildingsurrounded by "panlongshui" is destined to be a miserable garden full of sadtemperament and ill fated from the day it was born.
in the fourth year of jiaqing (1799), after he was executed, emperorjiaqing gave the west half of the mansion to his seventeen younger brotheryongyu, who only wanted to live in he's house but not in the emperor's seat. thereason why they only gave him half of them was that the emperor qianlong's tenprincesses and their son-in-law, fengshen yinde, lived there at that time.
princess hexiao is the most legendary princess in the whole history of qingdynasty. her biological mother is wang's favorite concubine in the late years ofemperor qianlong. in the first month of qianlong's 40th year, when the youngestdaughter came to the world, whose temperament and appearance all resembled herfather's, the emperor was already 65 years old. although the ten princesses werewomen, they were born with spanine power. they could open ten strong bows andoften rode with their father in hunting. as a result, qianlong loved her morethan all his children. he sighed more than once: "if you are an elder brother,the throne will belong to you in the future!" indeed, the ten princesses werenot only excellent in martial arts, but also had an extraordinary mind. when hewas happy, his son-in-law relied on his father-in-law and behaved delicatelyeven though, the princess once sternly reprimanded him: "you, amar, have beengracious to my father. you don't want to repay him, but you only know how totake bribes. i'm worried about you. on the day when my wealth is not guaranteed,even i will be affected by you“
although the ten princesses' words were unfortunately right, emperorjiaqing still remembered his brother and sister's love and did not deprive himof the title of his younger sister husband. the princess and his wife stilllived in their original home. therefore, the house was spanided into two parts:qingwang's house in the west and princess's house in the east. it was not untilseptember 1823, when the tenth princess died, that the whole house came underthe name of qingwang. at that time, yongyu had been dead for more than threeyears;
after 1911, according to the regulations of the government of the republicof china on preferential treatment of qing dynasty, the palace became theprivate property of the owner. later, because of the political turmoil and thedifficulties of livelihood, the posterity kings and grandchildren came intobeing one after another
