無論是身處學(xué)校還是步入社會(huì),，大家都嘗試過寫作吧,，借助寫作也可以提高我們的語言組織能力,。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的范文嗎,？下面我給大家整理了一些優(yōu)秀范文,，希望能夠幫助到大家,，我們一起來看一看吧,。

同位語從句考點(diǎn)歸納篇一

定語從句是中國人學(xué)英語最重要的難點(diǎn)之一。其實(shí)定語從句很有規(guī)律,，總結(jié)如下：在關(guān)系代詞中that既可指人又可指物,、既可作主語又可作賓語，因此,，除了在非限定性定語從句中,，用that一般不會(huì)出問題。

關(guān)系副詞的用法比較單一,，它們從句中只起狀語的作用,，表示時(shí)間的就用who門，表示地點(diǎn)的就用where,，而why只修飾一個(gè)詞,，即reason。

定語從句所修飾的詞叫“先行詞”,，因?yàn)樗偸翘幵诙ㄕZ從句的前頭,，比定語從句先行一步。

引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞,，包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞,。

?關(guān)系代詞：

who，which,，that作從句的主語

whom,，which，that作從句的賓語(可省略)

whose從句中作定語

以下情況只能用that,，不能用which:

i.先行詞為不定代詞all, little, none,，any，every,，no,，much, anything, nothing

ii. 先行詞有最高級(jí)和序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)(包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等)

iii.先行詞既有人又有物的時(shí)候

以下情況只能用which，不能用that;

① 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句(包括代表整個(gè)主句的意思時(shí))

② 介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)中

?關(guān)系副詞：

when指時(shí)間,，在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語

where指地點(diǎn),，在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語

why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，只修飾reason,。

如果用定語從句把兩個(gè)句子合二為一:首先找出兩個(gè)句子當(dāng)中相同的部分,，定語從句修飾的就是這一部分,。要把其中一個(gè)句子變成定語從句,，就要把這句中相同的那個(gè)部分用一個(gè)關(guān)系詞來代替;代替時(shí)，先看被代替的部分是指人還是指物,、再看它作什么句成分,。指人并作主語的，就用who,?；騮hat;指人并作賓語的,，就用whom或that;指人并作定語的，就用whose。指物并作主語的,，就用which或that認(rèn)指物并作賓語的，還是用which或that認(rèn)是物并作定語的,，就用whose或of which,。這樣找好并替換以后，再把這個(gè)關(guān)系代詞放到要變成定語從句的那個(gè)句子的最前面(被代替的部分不能再保留,，其它的詞語一律不變),，這個(gè)句子就變成了定語從句。然后,，再把這個(gè)定語從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面,，最后，如果還有其它句子成分,，就把它們放到定語從句的后面,，就行了。

例如：

have you found the book? you were looking for the book yesterday.

在這兩個(gè)句子中,，the book是相同的,，定語從句修飾的就是the book。把后面這一句變成定語從句,，找個(gè)關(guān)系詞來代替the book;在將要被變成定語從句的名子中,，the book是物并作賓語，所以用which或that代替它,。

然后把which或that放到本句的最前面,，其它的詞和語序一律不變。這時(shí),，就成了"that/which you were looking for yesterday?”,，再把這個(gè)定語從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面，就成了“have you found the book that/which you were looking for yesterday?”定語從句就完成了，主句是問句,，所以句末用問號(hào),。that/which代替的是原句中的賓語，原句變成了從句,，它們?nèi)匀蛔鲝木涞馁e語,。關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略，因此上句又可變成“have you found the book you were looking for yesterday?”,。

關(guān)系副詞與此同理,。只是關(guān)系副詞代替的是原句中的狀語。在被代替之前,，這個(gè)狀語中一定要含有一個(gè)與另一句相同的成分,。

例如:this is the house where i was born and brought up. = i was born and brought up in the house. 在這兩個(gè)句子中，in the house是句子里的地點(diǎn)狀語,，定語從句修飾的就是the house,。把后面這一句變成定語從句。在將要被變成定語從句的句子中,，in the house是地點(diǎn)狀語,，所以用where來代替它。然后再把where放到本句的最前面,，其它的詞和語序來代替它,。然后再把where放到本句的最前面，其它的詞和語序一律不變,。這時(shí),，就成了"where i was born and brought up"。再把這個(gè)定語從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面,，就成了"this is the house where i was barn and brought up.”,，定語從句就完成了，主句是陳述句,，所以句末用句號(hào),。where代替的是原句中的狀語，原句變成了從句,，它就作從句的狀語,。

(1) the hotel is an artistic building. we'll stay in it.

……the hotel where we'll stay is an artistic building.

……the hotel (which/that) we'll stay in is an artistic building.

……the hotel in which we'll stay is an artistic building.

(2) perhaps they' ve heard of the place. we went there for our holidays last time.

……perhaps they' re heard of the place where we went for our holidays last time.

?定語從句

請大家照上面的例子，把下面變定語從句的步驟說出來(括號(hào)里的可以省略)：

(3)they’re redecorating the room. a conference will be held in the room.

→they’re redecorating the room where a conference will be held.

→they’re redecorating the room (which /that) a conference will be held in.

→they’re redecorating the room in which a conference will be held.

那么,，“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”是怎么回事呢?原來上面這個(gè)例句,，還有一種做法：this is the house. i was born and brought up in the house.在這兩個(gè)句子中，the house是相同的,，定語從句修飾的就是the house ,。把后面這一句變成定語從句,。在將要被變成定語從句的句子中，the house表示物而且是介詞in的賓語,，所以用關(guān)系代詞which或that來代替,。然后把which或that放到本句的最前面，其它的詞和語序一律不變,。這時(shí),，后面這一句就成了 “which/that i was born and brought up in”。再把這個(gè)定語從句整個(gè)放在被修飾的詞后面,，就成了“this is the house which/that i was born and brought up in”,。定語從句就完成了，主句是陳述句,，所以句末用句號(hào)。

同位語從句考點(diǎn)歸納篇二

?指人的關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, whose, that 的用法：

(1) 作主語(who, that )

those who are going to play in the match are to meet at the gate at 1:30 after lunch.

那些參加比賽的人午飯后1：30在大門口集合,。

在本句中,，先行詞是those;關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時(shí)代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞are going to play 的主語,。

the man who/that is talking with mr. wang is a famous doctor.

正在和王先生說話的那個(gè)人是一個(gè)有名的醫(yī)生,。

在本句中，先行詞是the man;關(guān)系代詞who/that引導(dǎo)定語從句,，同時(shí)代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞is talking的主語,。

這個(gè)復(fù)合句可以還原成兩個(gè)句子：the man is a famous doctor. he is talking with mr. wang.

(2) 作賓語包括作介詞賓語(whom, that )。此種情況下的關(guān)系代詞可以省略;

this is just the man (whom/that) i want for the job.這正是我要的做這份工作的人,。

在本句中,，先行詞是the man;關(guān)系代詞whom/that引導(dǎo)定語從句，同時(shí)代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)任動(dòng)詞want 的賓語,。

is he the manager (whom/that) you are looking for?

他是你在找的那位經(jīng)理嗎?

(3) 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞緊跟介詞作介詞賓語時(shí),，不能用that，也不能省略,，

如：the book from which i got a lot of useful information was written by a famous scientist.

我從中得到許多有用信息的那本書是一位著名科學(xué)家寫的,。

who is the boy with whom you were talking a moment ago.

你剛才和他說話的那個(gè)男孩是誰?

i know the young couple from whose house the music is coming.

?指物的關(guān)系代詞which和that的用法：

1. 作主語

this is the instruction manual which/that tells you how to operate the computer.

這是那本教你如何操作計(jì)算機(jī)的說明手冊。

2. 作賓語包括作介詞賓館,。此種情況下的關(guān)系代詞可以省略：

the chair (which /that) you broke yesterday is now being repaired.

你昨天弄壞的那把椅子現(xiàn)在正在修理,。

the film (which/that) i saw last night was about a soldier who fought in wwii.

我昨天晚上看的那部電影是關(guān)于一個(gè)在二戰(zhàn)中打過仗的士兵的。

(本句有兩個(gè)定語從句,。)

this is the bike for which i paid $ 100.

這就是我花了100美元買的那輛自行車,。

the car (which/that) he went in was a black cadillac.

他坐在里面走了的那輛汽車是一輛黑色的卡迪拉克。

the accounts of the company, (which/that) i’ve been paying great attention to, are in balance.

我一直非常注意的公司賬目,，是保持平衡的,。

和of which 指代人或事物,，作定語。of which 可用whose 代替;

the car whose lights (of which the lights/the lights of which) were all broken was my father’s.

那輛所有的燈都破了的汽車是我父親的,。

例：his house of which the windows (the windows of which /whose windows) were all broken was a depressing sight.

他那所有窗戶都?jí)牧说姆孔诱媸悄坎蝗潭谩?/p>

that is the book whose cover (of which the cover/the cover of which ) was broken.

這就是那本封皮破了的書,。

4.關(guān)系代詞的格應(yīng)與它在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞忠恢隆Ｌ貏e要注意插入語,，

如：peter is the one who everybody believes will fail to bring off the contract. peter 是那個(gè)人人都認(rèn)為不能完成合同的人,。(everybody believes 是插入語)

at the election i voted for the man whom i believed to be the most suitable.

在選舉的時(shí)候我投了我認(rèn)為最合適的那個(gè)人的票。

5.關(guān)系代詞作從句的主語時(shí),，從句的動(dòng)詞必須和先行詞的人稱和數(shù)一致：

例：these are the operating instructions that/which are written in english ,。

這就是用英文寫成的使用說明。

are you staying at the white house which/that is newly completed and which /that has 15 bedrooms, 3 kitchens and 4 toilets?

你是住在那幢剛剛竣工,、有15個(gè)臥室,、3個(gè)病房和4個(gè)衛(wèi)生間的白色房子里嗎?

同位語從句考點(diǎn)歸納篇三

同位語從句是對(duì)名詞的內(nèi)容給予具體、詳細(xì)的說明,。常在后面接同位語從句的名詞有fact, news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem, doubt, fear, belief等,。同位語從句常用的引導(dǎo)詞為that,有是也用when, where 等疑問詞。如：

the news that the united states was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. 美國受到恐怖主義分子襲擊的消息令全世界吃驚,。

the idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你認(rèn)為不動(dòng)腦筋就能做好這件工作的想法是完全錯(cuò)誤的,。

people used to hold the belief that the earth was the center of the universe. 人們曾認(rèn)為地球是宇宙的中心。

the difficulty lies in the fact that we are short of money. 困難在于我們?nèi)狈Y金這個(gè)事實(shí),。

they have no idea at all where he has gone. 他們一點(diǎn)兒也不知道他去哪兒了,。

注意：同位語從句的that 只是引導(dǎo)詞，沒有其他語法作用,，在句子中不作句子成分,，不能省略;而定語從句中的that 除了引導(dǎo)定語從句外，還是定語從句的一個(gè)成分,，在定語從句中作主語或賓語,，作主語時(shí)不能省略，作賓語時(shí)可以省略,。如：

the idea that some peoples are superior to others is sheer nonsense. 有些民族優(yōu)越于其他民族這種想法簡直荒謬,。(同位語從句)

the idea that he proposed at the meeting is sheer nonsense. 他在會(huì)議上提出的這個(gè)想法簡直荒謬。(定語從句)

no one is happy with the fact that he found out. 沒有人對(duì)他發(fā)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)感到高興,。(定語從句)

no one is happy with the fact that he will become their boss. 沒有人對(duì)他將成為他們的老板這一事實(shí)感到高興,。(同位語從句)